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Cognitieve beperkingen bij patiënten met COPD: een overzicht

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Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie

Cognitive impairment in patients with COPD: a review

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a respiratory disease characterized by progressive and largely irreversible airway limitation and extrapulmonary problems. The prevalence of COPD increases with age. Mental health problems, including cognitive capacity limitations, occur frequently. Patients with COPD may have problems with cognitive functioning, either globally or in single cognitive domains, such as information processing, attention and concentration, memory, executive functioning and self-regulation. Possible causes are hypoxemia, hypercapnia, exacerbations and decreased physical activity. Cognitive problems in these patients may be related to structural brain abnormalities, such as gray matter pathologic changes and the loss of white matter integrity. Because of the negative impact on health and daily life, it is important to assess cognitive functioning in patients with COPD in order to optimize patient-oriented treatment and to reduce personal discomfort, hospital admissions and mortality.

Samenvatting

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is een chronische aandoening van de luchtwegen, gekenmerkt door progressieve en deels irreversibele luchtwegvernauwing. COPD komt frequent voor bij ouderen en kan gepaard gaan met extrapulmonale aandoeningen. Psychologische problemen, waaronder cognitieve beperkingen komen regelmatig voor. Er kan zowel sprake zijn van een globale cognitieve achteruitgang als beperkingen in afzonderlijke cognitieve domeinen zoals informatieverwerking, aandacht en concentratie, geheugen, executief functioneren en zelfsturing. Mogelijke oorzaken zijn hypoxemie (zuurstoftekort in het bloed), hypercapnie (te hoog koolzuurgehalte van het bloed), exacerbaties (verergering van klachten en symptomen) en een verminderde lichaamsactiviteit. De cognitieve beperkingen die worden aangetroffen bij deze patiënten zijn mogelijk gerelateerd aan structurele afwijkingen in de hersenen, zoals pathologische veranderingen in de grijze stof en het verlies van integriteit van de witte stof. Vanwege de negatieve gevolgen voor de gezondheid en dagelijkse activiteiten van de patiënt met COPD, is het belangrijk om alert te zijn op cognitieve beperkingen. Door rekening te houden met cognitieve beperkingen, kan de behandeling en begeleiding beter afgestemd worden op de individuele mogelijkheden en behoeften van de patiënt en kunnen persoonlijke hinder, ziekenhuisopnames en sterfte worden gereduceerd.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program Development Centre, CIRO+, expertisecentrum voor chronisch orgaanfalen, Hornerheide 1, 6085 NM, Horn, The Netherlands

    F. A. H. M. Cleutjens, D. J. A. Janssen, C. Gijsen & E. F. M. Wouters

  2. Afdeling Medische Psychologie, Maastricht UMC+/School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht, The Netherlands

    J. B. Dijkstra & R. W. H. M. Ponds

  3. Afdeling longziekten, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands

    E. F. M. Wouters

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  1. F. A. H. M. Cleutjens
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  2. D. J. A. Janssen
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  3. C. Gijsen
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  4. J. B. Dijkstra
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  5. R. W. H. M. Ponds
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  6. E. F. M. Wouters
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Correspondence to F. A. H. M. Cleutjens.

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Cleutjens, F.A.H.M., Janssen, D.J.A., Gijsen, C. et al. Cognitieve beperkingen bij patiënten met COPD: een overzicht. Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr 45, 1–9 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12439-013-0053-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12439-013-0053-1

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