Abstract
HIV prevention programs for truck drivers and cleaners (TDC) in India are limited. Longitudinal follow-up presents an obstacle to program effectiveness evaluation. We asked 3,028 TDC in a truck-driver HIV prevention program in Hyderabad to leave a cellular telephone number; we contacted participants 6 months after the intervention to assess sexual risk behavior change. Married, older, and better educated participants were more likely to leave phone numbers. Only 6.5% of TDC were reachable after 6 months. Longitudinal follow-up of this mobile sub-population remains a challenge, and more effective methods for evaluating HIV prevention programs are needed.
References
National Institute of Medical Statistics (NIMS) and National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). India HIV estimates 2006. New Delhi: National Institute of Medical Statistics, ICMR and National AIDS Control Organization, MOHFW; 2007.
Dandona L, Lakshmi V, Sudha T, Kumar GA, Dandona R. A population-based study of human immunodeficiency virus in south India reveals major differences from sentinel surveillance-based estimates. BMC Med. 2006;4:31.
Dandona L, Dandona R, Kumar GA, Reddy GB, Ameer MA, Ahmed GM, Ramgopal SP, Akbar M, Sudha T, Lakshmi V. Risk factors associated with HIV in a population-based study in Andhra Pradesh state of India. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37(6):1274–86.
Gibney L, Saquib N, Metzger J. Behavioral risk factors for STD/HIV transmission in Bangladesh’s trucking industry. Soc Sci Med. 2003;56(7):1411–24.
Kumar SG, Dandona R, Schneider JA, Ramesh YK, Dandona L. Outputs and cost of HIV prevention programmes for truck drivers in Andhra Pradesh, India. BMC Health Serv Res. 2009;9:82.
Schneider JA, Makelarski JA, Van Haitsma M, et al. Differential access to digital communication technology: association with health and health survey recruitment within an African-American underserviced urban population. J Urban Health. 2011 (in press).
Langhaug SF, Sherr L, Cowan FM. How to improve the validity of sexual behavior reporting: systematic review of questionnaire delivery modes in developing countries. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15:362–81.
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI). The Indian telecom services performance indicator report for the quarter ending September 2010. New Delhi: TRAI. http://www.trai.gov.in/Reports_list_year.asp (2010). Accessed 15 Mar 2011.
Schneider JA, Dandona R, Pasupneti S, et al. Initial commitment to pre-exposure prophylaxis and circumcision for HIV prevention amongst Indian truck drivers. PLOS One. 2010;5(7):e11922.
National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). Targeted interventions for truckers: operational guidelines. http://www.nacoonline.org/National_AIDS_Control_Program/Prevention_Strategies/TIs_for_Bridge_Populations/Targetted_Interventions_For_Truckers-Operational_Guidelines/ (2008). Accessed 8 Mar 2011.
Schneider JA, Dude A, Dinaker M, Kumar V, Laumann EO, Holloway-Beth A, Oruganti G, Saluja GS, Chundi V, Yeldandi V, Mayer KH. General hygiene, sexual risk behavior and HIV prevalence in truck drivers from Andhra Pradesh, south India: implications for prevention interventions. Int J STD AIDS. 2009;20(1):39–45.
Link M, Battaglia M, Frankel M, Osborn L, Mokdad A. Reaching the US cell phone generation: comparison of cell phone survey results with an ongoing landline telephone survey. Public Opin Q. 2007;71(5):814–39.
Rule NO, Garrett JV, Ambady N. On the perception of religious group membership from faces. PLoS One. 2010;5(12):e14241.
Acknowledgments
The HIV prevention program was supported by the National AIDS Control Organization and Gati Limited. The evaluation was supported in part by Gati Limited; Dr. Schneider was supported by the National Center for Research Resources KL2RR025000, National Institutes of Health.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schneider, J.A., Kondareddy, D., Gandham, S. et al. Using Digital Communication Technology Fails to Improve Longitudinal Evaluation of an HIV Prevention Program Aimed at Indian Truck Drivers and Cleaners. AIDS Behav 16, 1359–1363 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-0060-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-0060-6