Skip to main content

Cashew Nut Shell Liquid: A Promising Green Fuel

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Green Materials
  • 18 Accesses

Synonyms

Anacardium occidentale L.; Biodiesel; Petrochemical industry; Pyrolysis; Renewable

Definition

CNSL is a dark reddish-brown oil present in the pericarp of the cashew nut. Cardol, cardanol, and anacardic acid present in CNSL accounts for its high phenolic content and diverse applications as a renewable versatile product, especially as a green fuel in terms of its energy content.

Introduction

Diesel engines are a common power source for marine applications, power generation, and transportation. There is a pressing demand for viable alternative fuels for use in diesel engines due to the steady depletion of global petroleum supplies and the effects of environmental contamination. Vegetable oils are therefore regarded as possible alternatives to diesel, including palm, cottonseed, neem, and pogamia oils (Kumari et al. 2011). Due to its biodegradability, high cetane number, absence of sulfur emissions, and low volatility, biodiesel made from numerous renewable sources has gained...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akinhanmi TF, Atasie VN, Akintokun PO (2008) Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) oil and cashew nut shell liquid. J Agric Food Environ Sci 2(1):1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Bart Plange A, Mohammed KAP, Addo A, Teye E (2012) Some physical and mechanical properties of cashew nut and kernel grown in Ghana. Int J Sci Nat 3(2):406–415

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Gupta AK, Naik SN (2003) Conversion of non-edible into biodiesel. J Sci Ind Res 6(2):124–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumari AS, Penchalayya C, Raju AVS, Kumar PR (2011) Experimental investigations of IC engine with Pongamia diesel blends. Int J Adv Eng Technol (IJAET):54–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahesh CV, Puttaiah ET (2012) Studies on performance and emission characteristics of non-edible oil (honge oil) as alternate fuel in CI engine. Int J Eng Res Appl 2(3):2288–2293

    Google Scholar 

  • Okoro LN, Sambo FI, Lawal M, Nwaeburu C (2011) Thermodynamic and viscometric evaluation of biodiesel and blends from olive oil and cashew nut oil. Res J Chem Sci 1(4):90–97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel RN, Bandyopadhyay S, Ganesh A (2011) Selective extraction of cardanol and phenols from cashew nut shell liquid obtained through pyrolysis of cashew nut shells. Energy 36(3):1535–1542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Risfaheri R, Irawadi TT, Nur MA, Sailah I (2009) Isolation of cardanol from cashew nut shell liquid using the vacuum distillation method. Indones J Agric 2(1):11–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Rita CY, Shikha K (2012) Biodiesel production from non edible-oils: a review. J Chem Pharm Res 4(9):4219–4230

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh SP, Singh D (2010) Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 14:200–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subbarao C, Krishna Prasad KMM, Prasad VSRK (2011) Review on applications, extraction, isolation and analysis of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). Pharm Res J 6(1):20

    Google Scholar 

  • Taiwo, E. A. (2015). Cashew Nut Shell Oil — A Renewable and Reliable Petrochemical Feedstock. InTech. https://doi.org/10.5772/61096

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Rebellow, M.A.C. (2023). Cashew Nut Shell Liquid: A Promising Green Fuel. In: Baskar, C., Ramakrishna, S., Daniela La Rosa, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Green Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4921-9_119-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4921-9_119-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-16-4921-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-16-4921-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

Publish with us

Policies and ethics