Abstract
Since antiquity, mental illnesses have proven challenging for individuals suffering with them, for families who wish to support them, and for communities in which they live. Evolution in the development of community services and supports has been predicated on the understanding or interpretation of mental illness, aided by acceptance and innovation, but often anchored in ignorance, stigma, and short-sightedness. Regardless of how one defines community psychiatry (by provider, by setting, by duration of care, by diagnosis, by set of principles, by finances/payer of services), multiple facets are important in the evolutions of the field. A historical review of community psychiatry is imperative to comprehend the variables that impact the lives of those touched by mental illness and may suggest how systems of care should be organized to enhance recovery.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Azzone, V., Frank, R.G., Normand, S-L. T., & Burham, M.A. (2011) Effect of insurance parity on substance abuse treatment. Psychiatric Services, 62, 129-134.
Barton, R. (1999) Psychosocial rehabilitation services in community support systems: A review of outcomes and policy recommendations. Psychiatric Services, 50, 524-534.
Beers, C. W. (1981; first published in 1921) A Mind That Found Itself. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Beronio, K, Glied, S, Frank, R. (2014) How the affordable care act and mental health parity and addiction equity act greatly expand coverage of behavioral health care. Journal of Behavioural Health Services Research. 41,410-428.
Brothwell, D. R. (1981). Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment and Study of Human Skeletal Remains. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Bhuga, D. (1992). Psychiatry in ancient Indian texts: A review. History of Psychiatry, 3, 167-186.
Bond, GR. Drake, RE. (2015). The critical ingredients of assertive community treatment. World Psychiatry. 14, 240-242.
Cohen, C. I., Feiner, J. S., Huffine, C., Moffic, H. S., & Thompson, K. S. (2003). The future of community psychiatry. Community Mental Health Journal, 39, 459-471.
Compton, MT, Shim, RS (Eds). (2017). The social determinants of mental health. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Crossley, N. (2006). Contextualizing contention. Contesting Psychiatry: Social Movements in Mental Health. New York, NY: Routledge.
Davenport, S., Gray, TJ, Melek, SP. (2019). Addiction and mental health vs. physical health: Widening disparities in network use and provider reimbursement. Milliman Research Report.
Drake, R.E, Green, A. I. Mueser, K.T., & Goldman, H. The history of community mental health treatment and rehabilitation for persons with severe mental illness. (2003). Community Mental Health Journal, 39, 427-440.
Ewalt, J. (1961) Action for Mental Health: Final Report of the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health. New York: Basic Books.
Feldman, JM. (2020). Achieving mental health equity: Community psychiatry. In Stewart, AJ, Shim, RS (Eds) Achieving mental health equity; Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 43, 511-524.
Feldman, J.M. (2010) Chronic mentally ill populations. In Ruiz, P. & Primm, A. (Eds) Disparities in Psychiatric Care: Clinical and Cross-Cultural Perspectives. 2010: Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Williams, 189-197.
Fountain House. https://www.fountainhouse.org. Accessed 5/6/11.
GAP Committee, Psychiatry and the Community. (2016) People with Mental Illness in The Criminal Justice System. Arlington, VA: APPI.
Goldstein, J. L. & Godemont, M. M. L. (2003). The legend and lessons of Geel, Belgium: A 1500-year-old legend, a 21st-century model. Community Mental Health Journal, 39, 441-458.
Grazier, K.L., Mowbray, C.T., & Holter, M. C. (2005). Rationing psychosocial treatments in the United States. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 28, 545-560.
Grob, G. N., & Goldman, H. (2007). The dilemma of federal mental health policy: Radical Reform or incremental change? New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Hoge, MA. (2017). Workforce development in behavioural health. Available at https://www.hrsa.gov/Sites/default/virtual-behavioral-health-conference/files/keynote_workforce_development_in_behavioral_health.pdf. Accessed December 21, 2021.
Kart, A, et al. (2021). Cognitive behavioural therapy in treatment of schizophrenia. Archives Of Neuropsychiatry. 58, 61-65.
Kopec, K, et al. (2020) . Rapid transition to telehealth in a community mental health service provider during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary Care Companion CNS Disorders. 22, 20bro2787.
Lamb, H. R. (1994) A century and a half of psychiatric rehabilitation in the United States. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45, 1015-1020,
Liberman, R. P. (1992) Handbook of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Mercado, M. et al. 2016 Generalizability of the NAMI family-to-family education program: Evidence From an efficacy study. Psychiatric Services. 67, 591-593.
Marlowe, D. H. (1996) Psychological and psychosocial consequences of combat and deployment with, 1special emphasis on the Gulf War. http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/library/randrep/marlowe_paper/index.html [accessed 5/6/11].
Million, T. (2004). Masters of the Mind: Exploring the Story of Mental Illness from Ancient Times to the New Millennium. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
Nassar, M. (1987). Psychiatry in ancient Egypt. Psychiatric Bulletin, 11, 420.
New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2003). Achieving the promise: Transforming mental health care in America: Final report. (DHHS Publication SMA-20-3832). Rockville, MD.
Rees, T. P. (1987). Back to moral treatment and community care. Journal of Mental Science, 103, 303-313.
Sylvestre, J, Nelson, G, Aubry, T. (eds) (2017). Housing, citizenship, and communities for people with serious mental Illness: Theory, research, practice and policy perspectives. New York City, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
SAMHSA (2009) Integrated treatment for co-occurring disorders: Building your program, DHHS Publication number SMA-08-4366, Rockville, MD:CMSSAMHSA, US Department of Health and Human Services.
SAMHSA National Mental Health Information. About evidence-based practices: Shaping Mental health services toward recovery. https://www.samhsa.gov/resource-search/ebp/mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/cmhs/communitysupport/toolkits/about.asp [accessed March 7, 2022].
Torrey, WC, Drake, RE. (2010). Psychiatric shared-decision making in the outpatient psychiatric care of adults with severe mental illnesses: Redesigning care for the future. Community Mental Health Journal. 46, 433-445.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1999). Mental health: A report of the surgeon general. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse, and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.
von Bilsen, HPJG. (2016). Lessons to be learned from the oldest community psychiatric service in the world: Geel in Belgium. British Journal of Psychiatry Bulletin. 40, 207-211.
von Staden, H. (1996). Liminal perils: Early Roman receptions of Greek medicine. In (Eds) Ragep, F. J., Ragep, S. P., & Livesey, S. J. Tradition, Transmission, Transformation. Leiden, the Netherlands: E. J. Brill. 369-418.
Wallace CJ. (1993). Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 29, 537-548.
Wright, D. (1997). Discussion point. Getting out of the asylum: Understanding the confinement of the insane in the nineteenth century. Social History of Medicine. 10, 137-155.
Yizhuang, M. D. (2005). History of Chinese psychiatry. Chinese Society of Psychiatry. http://www.cma-mh.org/english/index.asp [accessed 5/2/2011].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Feldman, J.M. (2022). History of Community Psychiatry. In: Sowers, W.E., McQuistion, H.L., Ranz, J.M., Feldman, J.M., Runnels, P.S. (eds) Textbook of Community Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10239-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10239-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-10238-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-10239-4
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)