Introduction
The United Nation’s (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 provides for the promotion of just, peaceful and inclusive societies. The World Federation of United Nations Associations (WFUNA) (2018) highlights women’s active participation in political processes as a key component of an inclusive society. However, women, who compromise 49.6% of the world’s population as of 2016, continue to face barriers and restriction to political leadership opportunities and resources at all government levels, according to International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) (2019). As of November 2018, women held only 24% of all national parliamentary representation globally, which UN Women (2019) notes is a slow growth from 11.3% in 1995.
Globally, only three countries, as of November 2018, showed more than 50% of women in parliament in single or lower houses with Rwanda leading at 61.3% followed by Cuba and Bolivia at 53.2% and 53.1%, respectively (UN Women 2019)....
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Further Reading
Adami, R. (2018). Women and the universal declaration of human rights. Abingdon: Routledge.
Peter, J., & Wolper, A. (Eds.). (1995). Women’s rights, human rights: International feminist perspectives. New York: Routledge.
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Sabani, A., Romaniuk, S.N. (2023). Women in Global Politics. In: Romaniuk, S.N., Marton, P.N. (eds) The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_644
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