Abstract
Excavations near Kandahar in southern Afghanistan have revealed Neolithic settlements dating to 5000 BC. Later settlements indicate trade links with cities in the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia. Aryan tribes that settled in Afghanistan’s northern plains near Balkh (Bactria) from around 1500 BC gave way to successive Persian dynasties, including the Acaemanid Empire (550 BC–330 BC) ruled by Darius the Great from Persepolis after 515 BC.
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Further Reading
Cowper-Coles, Sherard, Cables from Kabul: The Inside Story of the West’s Afghanistan Campaign. 2011
Dalrymple, William, Return of a King: The Battle for Afghanistan, 1839–42. 2013
Ewans, Martin, Afghanistan, A New History. 2001
Gall, Carlotta, The Wrong Enemy: America in Afghanistan, 2001–14. 2014
Goodson, Larry, Afghanistan’s Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics and the Rise of the Taliban. 2001
Griffiths, John, Afghanistan: A History of Conflict. 2001
Hopkins, B. D., The Making of Modern Afghanistan. 2008
Hyman, A., Afghanistan under Soviet Domination, 1964–1991. 3rd ed. 1992
Magnus, Ralph H. and Naby, Eden, Afghanistan: Mullah, Marx and Mujahid. Revised ed. 2002
Maley, William, The Afghanistan Wars. 2nd ed. 2009
Margolis, Eric, War at the Top of the World: The Struggle for Afghanistan, Kashmir and Tibet. 2001
Nojumi, Neamatollah, The Rise of the Taliban in Afghanistan. 2001
Snetkov, Aglaya and Aris, Stephen, The Regional Dimensions to Security. 2013
Steele, Jonathan, Ghosts of Afghanistan: The Haunted Battleground. 2011
Vogelsang, Willem, The Afghans. 2002
National Statistical Office: Central Statistics Organization, Janglak Street, near Babor Garden, Kabul.
Website: http://cso.gov.af/en
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(2023). Afghanistan. In: The Statesman’s Yearbook 2024. The Statesman's Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-96076-7_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-96076-7_11
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