Abstract
Economic sanctions are tools of statecraft used to achieve a broad range of foreign policy goals by threat or deployment of coercive measures such as trade embargoes, asset freezes, or withholding of development aid. Throughout the post-war era, the United States and other countries frequently have imposed economic sanctions, even though they have contributed only infrequently to foreign policy successes. Globalization has made the exercise of economic coercion increasingly complex, but has not obviated the utility of sanctions as part of the foreign policy arsenal.
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Baldwin, D.A. 1985. Economic statecraft. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hufbauer, G.C., K. Elliott, J.J. Schott, and B. Oegg. 2007. Economic sanctions reconsidered. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Martin, L.L. 1992. Coercive cooperation: Explaining multilateral economic sanctions. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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Schott, J.J. (2018). Economic Sanctions. In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2328
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2328
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Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-95188-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-95189-5
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