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Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome (Cystic and Occult Spina Bifida)

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Handbook of Neurourology

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Abstract

Tethered spinal cord syndrome, also called cystic and occult spina bifida (SB), presents with a wide spectrum of urodynamic abnormalities including upper and lower neuron types of bladder and urethral dysfunction. Careful uro-neurological assessment and spinal MRI are important for diagnosing young adult patients with occult SB, because they may present with urinary symptoms as the sole initial symptom and have no other obvious neurological abnormalities. Despite consensus regarding the need for early urological management, controversy remains regarding the types of intervention. CIC, anticholinergics, botulinum A toxin, and reconstructive surgery have good outcomes for the primary goals, e.g., protection of renal function, improved urinary continence, and independence. Future studies are warranted to maximize bladder quality of life in the patients with SB.

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  1. Neurology, Internal Medicine, Sakura Medical Center, Toho University, Sakura, Japan

    Ryuji Sakakibara

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  1. Department of Urology Department of Neurourology, China Rehabiliation Research Center China Rehabilitation Science InstituteCapital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Limin Liao

  2. Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, University Hospital, Innsbruck, Austria

    Helmut Madersbacher

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Sakakibara, R. (2023). Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome (Cystic and Occult Spina Bifida). In: Liao, L., Madersbacher, H. (eds) Handbook of Neurourology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1659-7_85

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