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Upper Urinary Tract Dilation

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Handbook of Neurourology

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Abstract

Upper urinary tract dilation (UUTD) including hydronephrosis (HN) and ureteral dilation (UD) is one of important complications in neurogenic bladder (NB) patients. The evaluation and management for UUTD is crucial for the prevention of chronic renal failure. In this chapter, a grading system for UUTD based on magnetic resonance urography (MRU) is described by the author, in an attempt to provide a more objective, intuitive, and understandable method for UUTD grading. The applications of the MRU-UUTD grading system and a comprehensive classification system for both lower urinary tract (LUT) and upper urinary tract (UUT) dysfunction in patients with NB are described as well. Because MRU-UUTD grading system provides an objective and comprehensive evaluation for UUTD, it can be used to evaluate UUT function and for longitudinal monitoring of UUTD. It also allows better clinical decision-making by identifying changes in the UUTD. It can also be used to follow-up treatment outcome. The inter- and intra-observer reliability of this novel MRU-UUTD grading system is good providing adequate evidence for broader clinical application.

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Abbreviations

AC:

Augmentation cystoplasty

AUEC:

Augmentation uretero-enterocystoplasty

DDAVP:

Desmopressin

EAU:

European association of urology

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HN:

Hydronephrosis

ICS:

International continence society

IRSG:

International reflux study group

LUT:

Lower urinary tract

MIP:

Maximum intensity projection

MRI:

Magnetic resonance image

MRU:

grading by magnetic resonance urography

MRU:

Magnetic resonance urography

MRU-UUTD:

Upper urinary tract dilation grading by magnetic resonance urography

NB:

Neurogenic bladder

SFU:

Society for fetal urology

SFU-HN:

Hydronephrosis grades by society for fetal urology

UARI:

Ureteral antirefux implantation

UD:

Ureteral dilation

UR:

Ureteral reimplantation

US:

Ultrasonography

US-SFU:

Ultrasonography grades by society for fetal urology

UUT:

Upper urinary tract

UUTD:

Upper urinary tract dilation

UVJ:

Ureterovesical junction

UVJO:

Vesicoureteral junction obstruction

UVJS:

Vesicoureteral junction stricture

VUR:

Vesicoureteral reflux

References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology and Department of Neurourology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Limin Liao

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  1. Limin Liao
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Correspondence to Limin Liao .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology Department of Neurourology, China Rehabiliation Research Center China Rehabilitation Science InstituteCapital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Limin Liao

  2. Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, University Hospital, Innsbruck, Austria

    Helmut Madersbacher

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Liao, L. (2023). Upper Urinary Tract Dilation. In: Liao, L., Madersbacher, H. (eds) Handbook of Neurourology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1659-7_53

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1659-7_53

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-99-1658-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-99-1659-7

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