Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome involving problems with voluntary motor function, including development of a resting tremor, muscle rigidity, and slowed down motor movements. Parkinsonism as a syndrome can be present in multiple different neurological diseases. It can also result from the use of certain medications. Parkinsonism, when idiopathic or not due to any other cause, is called Parkinson’s disease (PD), which will be the major focus of this entry.
While Parkinson’s disease (PD) can develop in mid- to late adulthood, age of onset peaks around age 60 (Gunzler et al. 2011). PD affects approximately 1 out of 100 individuals over the age of 65 (Noyce et al. 2012). A meta-analysis of risk factors for developing PD conducted by Noyce and colleagues (2012) concluded that family history of PD confers the greatest risk, with history of pesticide exposure also increasing risk. This meta-analysis also suggested that history of smoking tobacco, consuming coffee, and consuming alcohol...
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Cook, S.E. (2016). Parkinson’s Disease. In: Pachana, N. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geropsychology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-080-3_343-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-080-3_343-1
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