Skip to main content

Healthy Aging

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
  • 451 Accesses

Synonyms

Active aging; Aging well; Positive aging; Productive aging; Successful aging

Definition

In the last 40 years, there have been many attempts to define healthy aging and its synonyms. The evolution of the definitions of healthy aging and its many synonyms has reflected contemporary thinking and a high level of interest in the health and quality of life of older people.

The WHO now defines healthy aging as:

The process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well being in old age. (World Health Organization 2015, p. 40)

An earlier similar definition was provided by Health Canada as part of a systematic research program on aging and the maximization of quality of life.

A lifelong process of optimising opportunities for improving and preserving health and physical, social and mental wellness, independence, quality of life and enhancing successful life-course transitions. (Health Canada 2001, p. 1)

The European Union Healthy Ageing Project (Swedish National...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Beard, J. R., Officer, A., De Carvalho, I. A., Sadana, R., Pot, A. M., Michel, J. P., Lloyd-Sherlock, P., Epping-Jordan, J. E., Peeters, G. M., Mahanani, W. R., Thiyagarajan, J. A., & Chatterji, S. (2015). The world report on ageing and health: A policy framework for healthy ageing. Lancet, 29, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, D. E., Cafiero, E. T., Jané-Llopis, E., Abrahams-Gessel, S., Bloom, L. R., Fathima, S., Feigl, A. B., Gaziano, T., Mowafi, M., Pandya, A., Prettner, K., Rosenberg, L., Seligman, B., Stein, A. Z., & Weinstein, C. (2011). The Global economic burden of non-communicable diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Britton, A., Shipley, M., Singh-Manoux, A., & Marmot, M. (2008). Successful ageing: the contribution of early-life and midlife risk factors. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 56(6), 1098–105. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01740.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Browning, C., & Kendig, H. (2003). Healthy ageing: A new focus on older people’s health and wellbeing. In P. Liamputtong & H. Gardner (Eds.), Health care reform and the community. Sydney: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Browning, C. J., & Thomas, S. A. (2007). Definition and predictors of successful ageing and related concepts: Final report. Melbourne: Victorian Department of Human Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Depp, C. A., & Jeste, D. V. (2006). Definitions and predictors of successful aging: a comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(1), 6–20. doi:10.1097/01.JGP.0000192501.03069.bc.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., & Chan, M. Y. (2011). Happy people live longer: subjective wellbeing contributes to health and longevity. Applied Psychology: Health and Wellbeing, 3(1), 1–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emery, M. P., Perrier, L. L., & Acquadro, C. (2005). Patient-reported outcome and quality of life instruments database (PROQOLID): Frequently asked questions. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 3(1), 1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaglio, B., Shoup, J. A., & Glasgow, R. E. (2013). The RE-AIM framework: A systematic review of use over time. American Journal of Public Health, 103(6), e38–46. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glass, T. A. (2003). Assessing the success of successful aging. Annals of Internal Medicine, 139(5), 382–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glatt, S. J., Chayavichitsilp, P., Depp, C., Schork, N. J., & Jeste, D. V. (2007). Successful aging: from phenotype to genotype. Biological Psychiatry, 62(4), 282–93. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Health Canada. (2001). Workshop on healthy aging. Retrieved March 5, 2016, from http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/H39-612-2002-1E.pdf

  • http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1582/Wsipp_Updated-Inventory-of-Evidence-based-Research-based-and-Promising-Practices-Prevention-and-Intervention-Services-for-Adult-Behavioral-Health_Inventory.pdf. Accessed 13 Mar 2016.

  • Kendig, H., & Browning, C. (2010a). A social view on healthy ageing: Multi-disciplinary perspectives and Australian evidence. In D. Dannefer & C. Phillipson (Eds.), Handbook on social gerontology (pp. 459–471). London: Sage Publications. ISBN 9781412934640.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kendig, H., & Browning, C. (2010b). A social view on healthy ageing: multi-disciplinary perspectives and Australian evidence. In D. Dannefer & C. Phillipson (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of social gerontology (pp. 459–71). London: Sage Publications.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kendig, H., & Nazroo, J. (2016). Life course influences on inequalities in later life: Comparative perspectives. Journal of Population Aging, 9(1), 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kendig, H., Browning, C. J., Thomas, S. A., & Wells, Y. (2014). Health, lifestyle, and gender influences on aging well: An Australian longitudinal analysis to guide health promotion. Frontiers in Public Health, 2, 70. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00070.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinsella, K., & Phillips, D. R. (2005). Global aging: The challenge of success. Population Bulletin, 60(1). Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lantz, P. M., Golberstein, E., House JS, & Morenoff, J. (2010). Socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors for mortality in a national 19-year prospective study of U.S. adults. Social Science and Medicine, 70(10), 1558–66. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y., Back, J. H., Kim, J., Kim, S.-H., Na, D. L., Cheong, H.-K., et al. (2010). Systematic review of health behavioral risks and cognitive health in older adults. International Psychogeriatrics, 22(2), 174–87. doi:10.1017/S1041610209991189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lorig, K. (2015). Chronic disease self-management program: Insights from the eye of the storm. Frontiers in Public Health, 2, 253. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00253.eCollection2014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMunn, A., Nazroo, J., & Breeze, E. (2009). Inequalities in health at older ages: a longitudinal investigation of the onset of illness and survival effects in England. Age and Ageing, 38(2), 181–7. doi:10.1093/ageing/afn236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation. (2010). Social capital, human capital and health: What is the evidence? Paris: OECD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ory, M. G., & Smith, M. L. (2015). Research, practice, and policy perspectives on evidence-based programing for older adults. Frontiers in Public Health, 3, 136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ory, M. G., Ahn, S., Jiang, L., Smith, M. L., Ritter, P. L., Whitelaw, N., & Lorig, K. (2013). Successes of a national study of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program: Meeting the triple aim of health care reform. Medical Care, 51(11), 992–8. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a95dd1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peel, N., McClure, R., & Bartlett, H. (2005). Behavioral determinants of healthy aging. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(3), 298–304. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.12.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Randall, C., & Corp, A. (2014). Measuring national well-being: European comparisons. London: UK Office for National Statistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rechel, B., Grundy, E., Robine, J. M., Cylus, J., Mackenbach, J. P., Knai, C., & McKee, M. (2013). Ageing in the European Union. Lancet, 381(9874), 1312–1322. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)62087-x.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. W. (2015). Successful aging of societies. Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Spring, 5–12. doi:10.1162/DAED_a_00325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steptoe, A., Deaton, A., & Stone, A. A. (2015). Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing. The Lancet, 385(9968), 640–648. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61489-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stuck, A. E., Walthert, J. M., Nikolaus, T., Bula, C. J., Hohman, C., & Beck, J. C. (1999). Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review. Social Science and Medicine, 48(4), 445–69. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00370-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swedish National Institute of Public Health. (2006). Healthy ageing: A challenge for Europe. Stockholm: Author. Retrieved March 5, 2016 from http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_projects/2003/action1/docs/2003_1_26_frep_en.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Health Promotion Research Centre Healthy Aging Research Network. Washington: Author. Retrieved March 11 2016 from http://depts.washington.edu/hprc/healthy-aging

  • World Health Organization. (2002). Active ageing: A policy framework. World Health Organization Non-communicable Diseases and Mental Health Cluster. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, National Institute on Aging. (2011). Global Health and Aging. Bethesda: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2015). World development indicators 2015. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0440-3.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization. (2015). World report on ageing and health. Geneva: World Health Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO). (1952). Constitution of the World Health Organization. In World Health Organization handbook of basic documents (5th ed.). Geneva: Palais des Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, K. S. (2003). Beyond Maslow's culture-bound linear theory: A preliminary statement of the double-Y model of basic human needs. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 49, 175–255.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Colette J. Browning .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this entry

Cite this entry

Browning, C.J., Thomas, S.A., Kendig, H., Ory, M.G. (2016). Healthy Aging. In: Pachana, N. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geropsychology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-080-3_323-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-080-3_323-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-287-080-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Social SciencesReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics