Abstract
The introduction: Implants used for osteosynthesis are either extramedullary (applied outside the medullary canal or cortex) or intramedullary (inserted inside the medullary canal). Commonly screw, plates, nails, and external fixators are used for this purpose. The structural inherency and specific application of biomechanical principals are crucial for providing optimum stability for osteosynthesis of specific bone. The biomechanical factors depending on fracture geometry as well as deforming force are mandatory for production of a congenial environment for the specific bones for providing mechanical stability, physiological healing as well as recovery of lost function of the limb following the injury.
The flow of this chapter: The materials used for those implants are discussed in the previous section. Here we will discuss the structural details of screw, plate, nails, and external fixators from their different phases of evolution with specific need or purpose in due course of time with their modern shape of usefulness for osteosynthesis for the adults. We will also discuss the specific technique of their use with special reference of biomechanical principals, suitable for specific fracture scenario.
At the end of the chapter one will be conversant about the structural details as well as biomechanical principals of their use as also tips of technical use and advantages and disadvantages which will help them to acquire the applied knowledge for their use in practical case scenario.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Thakur AJ. The elements of fracture fixation (Indian edition). London: Churchill Livingstone Private Limited, a Division of Pearson Professional Limited; 1997.
Buckley RE, Moran CG, Apivattahakakul T. AO principles of fracture management (second impression). 3rd ed. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Limited; 2018.
Dutta SK, Dutta D. Applied orthopedics biomechanics. Chennai: BI Publications Private Limited; 2008.
Wang T, Boone C, Behn AW, Ledesma JB, Bishop JA. Cancellous screws are biomechanically superior to cortical screws in metaphyseal bone. Orthopedics. 2016;39(5):e828–32.
Lakatosa Á, Kovácsb Z. Comparison of thermal insulation performance of vacuum insulation panels with EPS protection layers measured with different method. Energy and Buildings 2021;236.
Sun P, Xu D, Zhao W, Jiao P, Li Z, Liu C, et al. Interfragmentary compression and pull-out properties of 6.5-mm AO cancellous lag screws in a uniform synthetic material during tightening procedures. Med Eng Phys. 2017;42:116–20.
Déjardin LM, Perry KL, von Pfeil DJF, Guiot LP. Interlocking nails and minimally invasive osteosynthesis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2020;50(1):67–100.
Rosa N, Marta M, Vaz M, Tavares SMO, Simoes R, Magalhães FD, et al. Intramedullary nailing biomechanics: evolution and challenges. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2019;233(3):295–308.
Bliven EK, Greinwald M, Hackl S, Augat P. External fixation of the lower extremities: biomechanical perspective and recent innovations. Injury. 2019;50(Suppl 1):S10–7.
Fleming B, Paley D, Kristiansen T, Pope M. A biomechanical analysis of the Ilizarov external fixator. Clin Orthop Res. (1976–2007) 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Pal, A.K., Baksi, D. (2023). Biomechanics of Orthopaedic Implants Demystified. In: Banerjee, A., Biberthaler, P., Shanmugasundaram, S. (eds) Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7540-0_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7540-0_36
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-7539-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-7540-0
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine