Normalizing

Normalizing is the metal heat treatment process in which the workpiece is heated to a temperature 30–50 °C above A_c3 (for hypoeutectoid steel) or A_ccm (for hypereutectoid steel), stays in that temperature for enough time, and is then cooled in air. It is mainly intended to transform the fine grained austenite into fine lamellar pearlite or eliminate the reticular carbide in hypereutectoid steel, remove the internal stress of material, stabilize the size of workpiece, make structural preparation for quenching, and prevent deformation and cracking.

The heating temperature in hypoeutectoid steel normalizing is largely the same as the heating temperature in full annealing (usually the heating temperature in normalizing is slightly higher), but in normalizing, the cooling rate is faster, transformation temperature is lower, the generated structure is finer, and the processed workpiece has better strength. Also thanks to its shorter production period, high efficiency, simplicity, and...