Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a systemic disease with both locally advanced and malignant neoplastic phenotypes and has a poor prognosis. Among all sorts of PanCa, exocrine cancers account for approximately 95%, with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranking fourth in terms of cancer mortality in the United States. Due to its increasing incidence, it is appraised to become the second leading cause of cancer by 2030. PDAC has a 5-year survival rate of 8%. PanCa, rightly known to be the “King of Cancer,” has mortality/incidence ratio of 98% due to lack of therapeutic advancement. PDAC and its associated hypoxic microenvironment play a major role in the formation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is highly expressed in 88% of PanCa tissues. Among the several noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are more promising due to their role as effector molecules. lncRNAs were initially considered to be “transcriptional noise” or “garbage” of encoding genes but later found to have crucial roles in transcriptional regulation. lncRNAs play a dual role as tumor suppressive and oncogenic. lncRNAs hold strong promise as novel therapeutic biomarkers due to their oxidative stress (OS)-modulating capacity with regard to ROS generation, as observed in SLC7A11-AS1 and NUTF2P3-001. Knockout of lncRNA by RNAi or siRNA plays a promising role in increasing the OS in cancer cells leading to cell death. In this chapter, we have documented the emerging functions and association of lncRNAs in PanCa-associated OS and their potential implications in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Abbreviations
- AFAP1-AS1:
-
Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA
- ARE:
-
Antioxidant response element
- ATB:
-
Activated by TGF-β
- CAFHA:
-
Cancer-associated fibroblasts
- ceRNA:
-
Competitive endogenous RNA
- CP:
-
Chronic pancreatitis
- DLEU2:
-
Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2
- elncRNA:
-
Enhancer lncRNAs
- EMT:
-
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- eRNAs:
-
Enhancer-associated lncRNAs
- ESCC:
-
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- GAS5:
-
Growth arrest-specific 5
- gsRNAs:
-
Gene body-associated lncRNAs
- HAND2-AS1-lncRNA:
-
Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 2 antisense RNA 1
- HMGB1:
-
High mobility group box 1
- HOTAIR:
-
HOX transcript antisense RNA
- HOTTIP:
-
HOXA transcript at the distal tip
- HRE:
-
Hypoxia response elements
- HULC:
-
Highly upregulated in liver cancer
- IPMN:
-
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
- lincRNA:
-
Intervening lncRNA
- lncRNA:
-
Long noncoding RNA
- MALAT1:
-
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
- MCN:
-
Mucinous cystic neoplasm
- MLL1:
-
Mixed lineage leukemia 1
- NADPH:
-
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- Nrf2:
-
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2
- OS:
-
Oxidative stress
- OXPHOS:
-
Oxidative phosphorylation
- PanCa:
-
Pancreatic cancer
- PANIN:
-
Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia
- PCEB1B-AS1:
-
PC-esterase domain containing 1B antisense RNA 1
- PCRC2:
-
Polycomb repressive complex 2
- PDAC:
-
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- pRNAs:
-
Promoter-associated lncRNAs
- PVT1:
-
Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1
- ROR:
-
Regulator of reprogramming
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SNHG15:
-
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15
- SNHG16:
-
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16
- TUG1:
-
Taurine upregulated 1
- UCA1:
-
Urothelial cancer-associated 1
- VDAC1:
-
Voltage-dependent anion channel type 1
- XIST:
-
X-inactive-specific transcript
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Sikdar, N., Bararia, A., Dutta, A., Banerjee, S. (2022). Long Noncoding RNA Acting as Therapeutic Target for Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Cancer. In: Chakraborti, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Therapeutic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1247-3_77-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1247-3_77-1
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