Abstract
Free radicals (FRs) and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioactive substances generated inevitably during the metabolic process of organisms. To combat excessive free radical and/or reactive oxygen production, living organisms have evolved many sophisticated peroxide-antioxidant defense systems. These systems are located in a dynamic equilibrium state under normal physiological conditions, while the body antioxidant system could be unbalanced and lead to oxidative stress in pathological states. Oxidative stress is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases, including cancer. Therefore, FRs and/or ROS involved in pathological reactions can be used as markers of oxidative stress. Although most oxidation-antioxidant markers are not difficult to be measured by modern medical detection technology separately, the detection of each oxidation-antioxidant substance is not only time- and energy-consuming but also inaccurate. One of the reasons for inaccuracy is the incomplete understanding and detection of oxidation-antioxidant substances in the organism. The other is the superposition effect produced by various oxidation-antioxidant substances which have a synergistic effect in the same system. In view of this, only combined total oxidant status (TOS) with total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidant stress index (OSI) can accurately assess the oxidant stress status of subjects.
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Feng, J. (2022). Free Radicals, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Their Biomarkers. In: Chakraborti, S., Ray, B.K., Roychoudhury, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9411-3_25
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