Abstract
Cost of finance has a high impact on returns and viability of clean energy projects compared to fossil fuel-based energy projects because operating costs for renewable energy projects are very low. Cost of finance is significantly influenced by credit risk assessment and ratings, which has usually been an inappropriate measure of credit risk for clean energy finance. Factors like inadequate credit information, lack of historical data at the project level, and higher risk of technological obsolescence lead to a credit market failure in clean energy finance, leading to mispricing of risk and poor capital allocation to clean energy infrastructure in the economy. Access to institutional finance is more constrained in the distributed renewable energy sector because of high transaction costs, high or unknown consumer credit risk, and a variety of other challenges. It is important that these constraints be eased through appropriate policy and financing interventions to crowd-in domestic banks by improving the quality of credit information—technical and commercial—creating suitable financial intermediaries and providing risk mitigation solutions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Beale C, Fox N (2002) Credit attributes of project finance. J Struct Project Finan 8(3):5–9
Bloomberg New Energy Finance (2017) Clean energy investment. Bloomberg New Energy Finance, New York
Buchner BK, Oliver P, Wang X, Carswell C, Meattle C, Mazza F (2017) Global landscape of climate finance 2017. Climate Policy Initiative, San Francisco. Available via https://climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2017-Global-Landscape-of-Climate-Finance.pdf
Chassot S, Hampl N, Wüstenhagen R (2014) When energy policy meets free-market capitalists: the moderating influence of worldviews on risk perception and investment decisions. Energy Res Soc Sci 3:143–151
Climate Bonds Initiative (2017) Green bonds highlights 2016. Climate Bonds Initiative, London
Della Croce R (2011) Pension funds investment in infrastructure: policy actions. OECD working papers on finance, insurance and private pensions no 13. OECD, Paris
Esty BC, Sesia AM (2004) Basel II: assessing default and loss characteristics of project finance loans. HBS publishing case no 203-035; teaching note: 5-203-047. Available via SSRN https://ssrn.com/abstract=374800
G20 Green Finance Study Group (2016) G20 green finance synthesis report
G20/OECD (2012) G20/OECD policy note on pension fund financing for green infrastructure and initiatives. OECD, Paris
Green Climate Fund (2017) Analysis of barriers to crowding-in and maximizing the engagement of the private sector, including Private Sector Advisory Group recommendations. Green Climate Fund, Incheon
IFC (2016) Green finance: a bottom-up approach to track existing flows. IFC, Washington, DC
Inderst G, Stewart F (2014) Institutional investment in infrastructure in developing countries: introduction to potential models. World Bank, Washington, DC
International Energy Agency (2017) World energy investment. Report. International Energy Agency, Paris
IPCC (2014) IPCC data centre. International Panel on Climate Change, Geneva
IRENA (2016) Unlocking renewable energy investment: role of risk mitigation and structured finance. IRENA, Abu Dhabi
Iyer KC, Purkayastha D (2017) Credit risk assessment in infrastructure project finance: relevance of credit ratings. J Struct Finan 22(4):17–25
Jones AW (2015) Perceived barriers and policy solutions in clean energy infrastructure investment. J Clean Prod 104:297–304
Kaminker C, Stewart F (2012) The role of institutional investors in financing clean energy. OECD working papers on finance, insurance and private pensions, no 23. OECD, Paris
Kaminker C, Kawanishi O, Stewart F, Caldecott B, Howarth N (2013) Institutional investors and green infrastructure investments: selected case studies. OECD working papers on finance, insurance and private pensions, no 35. OECD, Paris
Milford L, Saha D, Muro M, Sanders R, Rittner T (2014) Clean energy finance through the bond market. Brookings-Rockefeller project on state and metropolitan innovation. Brookings Institution, Washington, DC
Nelson D, Shrimali G (2014) Finance mechanisms for lowering the cost of renewable energy in rapidly developing countries. Climate Policy Initiative, San Francisco
OECD (2015) Mapping channels to mobilise institutional investment in sustainable energy, green finance and investment. OECD, Paris
OECD (2016) Institutional investors and green infrastructure investments. OECD, Paris
Rastogi A, Rao V (2011) Product innovations for financing infrastructure: a study of India’s debt markets. ADB South Asia working paper series. ADB, Manila
REN21 (2017) Renewables 2017 global status report. REN21, Paris
Sorge M (2004) Credit spread in project finance. BIS Q, pp 91–101
Standard & Poor’s (2010) Can capital markets bridge the climate change financing gap? Climate change financing roundtable discussion. Standard & Poor’s, London
Yoshino N, Taghizadeh-Hesary F (2014) Analytical framework on credit risks for financing SMEs in Asia. Asia-Pac Dev J 21(2):1–21
Yoshino N, Taghizadeh-Hesary F (2015) Analysis of credit risk for small and medium-sized enterprises: evidence from Asia. Asian Dev Rev 32(2):18–37
Yoshino N, Taghizadeh-Hesary F (2016) Optimal credit guarantee scheme ratio for Asia. ADBI, Tokyo
Yoshino N, Taghizadeh-Hesary F (2017) Alternatives of bank finance: role of carbon tax and hometown trust funds in developing green energy projects in Asia. ADBI working paper. ADBI, Tokyo
Yoshino N, Taghizadeh-Hesary F (2018) Alternatives to private finance: role of fiscal policy reforms and energy taxation in development of renewable energy projects. Springer, Heidelberg
Zuckerman J, Frejova J, Granoff I, Nelson D (2016) Investing at least a trillion dollars a year in clean energy. Contributing paper for Seizing the global opportunity: partnerships for better growth and a better climate. New Climate Economy, London
Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in this chapter are solely of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the institutions associated with him.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Asian Development Bank Institute
About this entry
Cite this entry
Purkayastha, D. (2019). Managing Credit Risk and Improving Access to Finance in Green Energy Projects. In: Sachs, J., Woo, W., Yoshino, N., Taghizadeh-Hesary, F. (eds) Handbook of Green Finance. Sustainable Development . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0227-5_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0227-5_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0226-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0227-5
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences