Skip to main content

Communication for Development and Social Change: Three Development Paradigms, Two Communication Models, and Many Applications and Approaches

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Communication for Development and Social Change

Abstract

All those involved in the analysis and application of Communication for Development and Social Change would probably agree that in essence communication for development and social change is the sharing of knowledge aimed at reaching a consensus for action that takes into account the interests, needs, and capacities of all concerned. It is thus a social process. Communication media are important tools in achieving this process, but their use is not an aim in itself – interpersonal communication and traditional forms of communication too must play a fundamental role.

The basic consensus on development communication has been interpreted and applied in different ways throughout the past century. Both at theory and research levels, as well as at the levels of policy- and planning-making and implementation, divergent perspectives are on offer.

In this chapter it summarizes the past of Communication for Development and Social Change; identify the roadmap for the future of Communication for Development and Social Change; and look at some of the key purposes, functions, and approaches needed to steer communication for development and social change.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson B (1983) Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Appiah KA (2006) Cosmopolitanism: ethics in a world of strangers. Allen Lane, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartolovich C, Lazarus N (eds) (2007) Marxism, modernity, and postcolonial studies. Peking University Press, Peking

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauman Z (1998) Globalization: the human consequences. Columbia University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann G (1999). The multicultural riddle. Rethinking National, Ethnic, and Religious Identities. Routledge, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Beltran LR (1976) TV etchings in the minds of Latin Americans: conservatism, materialism and conformism. Paper presented to the IAMCR conference, Leicester, September

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger P, Huntington S (eds) (2002) Many globalizations: cultural diversity in the contemporary world. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Berrigan FJ (1977) Access: some Western models of community media. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Berrigan FJ (1979) Community communications. The role of community media in development. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Bordenave JD (1977) Communication and rural development. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd-Barrett O (1977) Media imperialism: towards an international framework for the analysis of media systems. In: Curran J, Gurevitch M, Woollacott J (eds) Mass communication and society. Arnold, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Braman S, Sreberny-Mohammadi A (eds) (1996) Globalization, communication and transnational civil society. Hampton Press, Cresskill

    Google Scholar 

  • Canclini NG (1993) Culturas hibridas. Estrategias para entrar y salir de la modernidad. Grijalbo

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso FH, Falletto E (1969) Dependencia y desarrollo en América Latina. Siglo XXI, Mexico D.F.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpentier N, Lie R, Servaes J (2001) Making community media work. Report prepared for UNESCO, Paris, 50 pp + CD-Rom

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpentier N, Lie R, Servaes J (2012) Multitheoretical approaches to community media: capturing specificity and diversity. In: Fuller L (ed) The power of global community media. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 219–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang P-C (2008) Does China have alternative modernity? An examination of Chinese modernization discourse. J Commun Dev Soc Change 2:4

    Google Scholar 

  • Chew SC, Denemark RA (eds) (1996) The underdevelopment of development: essays in honor of Andre Gunder Frank. Sage, Newbury Park

    Google Scholar 

  • Cimadevilla G, Carniglia E (eds) (2004) Comunicacion, Ruralidad y Desarrollo. Mitos, paradigmas y dispositivos del cambio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires

    Google Scholar 

  • Cinco. (1987) Comunicacion Dominante y Comunicacion Alternativa en Bolivia. Cinco/IDRC, La Paz

    Google Scholar 

  • de Sousa Santos B (ed) (2007) Democratizing democracy: beyond the liberal democratic canon. Verso, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Delcourt L (2009) Retour de l’Etat. Pour quelles politiques sociales? Alternatives Sud, vol XVI, 2. Centre Tricontinental, Louvain-la-Neuve

    Google Scholar 

  • Deruyttere A (ed) (2006) Operational policy on indigenous peoples and strategy for indigenous development. Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Dissanayake W (2006) Postcolonial theory and Asian communication theory: towards a creative dialogue. China Media Res 2(4):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Downing J (2001) Radical media: rebellious communication and social movements. Sage, Thousand Oaks

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott A, Lemert C (2006) The new individualism: the emotional costs of globalization. Routlege, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Fair JE (1988) A meta-research of mass media effects on audiences in developing countries from 1958 through 1986. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington

    Google Scholar 

  • Fair JE (1989) 29 years of theory and research on media and development: the dominant paradigm impact. Gazette 44:129–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fair JE, Shah H (1997) Continuities and discontinuities in communication and development research since 1958. J Int Commun 4(2):3–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser C, Restrepo-Estrada S (1998) Communicating for development. Human change for survival. I.B. Tauris, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire P (1970) Cultural action for freedom. Penguin, Harmondsworth

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire P (1973) Extension o comunicacion? La concientizacion en el medio rural. Siglo XXI, Mexico

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire P (1983) Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire P (1994) Pedagogy of hope. Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedmann J (1992) Empowerment: the politics of alternative development. Blackwell, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Galtung J (1980) The true worlds. A transnational perspective. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Geertz C (1973) The interpretation of cultures. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Geertz C (1983) Local knowledge: further essays in interpretative anthropology. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddens A (1995) Modernity and self-identity: self and society in the late modern age. Polity, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Grillo M, Berti S, Rizzo A (1998) Discursos locales. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Rio Cuarto

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunaratne S (2005) The Dao of the press: a humanocentric theory. Hampton Press, Cresskill

    Google Scholar 

  • Habermann P, de Fontgalland G (eds) (1978) Development communication–rhetoric and reality. AMIC, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  • Hafez K (2007) The myth of media globalization. Polity, Cambridge, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannerz U (1996) Transnational Connections. Routledge, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Harindranath R (2006) Perspectives on global cultures. Open University Press, Maidenhead

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison L (1985) Underdevelopment is a state of mind. The Latin American case, 2nd edn. Madison Books, Lanham

    Google Scholar 

  • Held D (ed) (2000) A globalizing world? Culture, economic, politics. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirst P, Thompson G (1996) Globalization in question: the international economy and the possibilities of governance. Polity, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann V (2007) Five editions (1962–2003) of Everett Rogers’s diffusion of innovations. J Agric Educ Ext 13(2):147–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopper P (2007) Understanding cultural globalization. Polity, Cambridge, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson T, Servaes J (eds) (1999) Theoretical approaches to participatory communication. Hampton, Cresskill

    Google Scholar 

  • Jayaweera N, Amunugama S (eds) (1987) Rethinking development communication. AMIC, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy T (2008) Where the rivers meet the sky: a collaborative approach to participatory development. Southbound, Penang

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroeber A, Kluckhohn C (1952) Culture. A critical review of concepts and definitions. Vintage Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kronenburg J (1986) Empowerment of the poor: a comparative analysis of two development endeavors in Kenya. Third World Center, Nijmegen

    Google Scholar 

  • Lerner D (1958) The passing of traditional society: modernizing the Middle East. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis P (ed.) (1993) Alternative Media: Linking Global and Local, Reports and Papers on Mass Communication, no. 107. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Lie R (1998) What’s new about cultural globalization? Linking the global from within the local. In: Servaes J, Lie R (eds) Media and politics in transition: cultural identity in the age of globalization. ACCO, Leuven, pp 141–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Lie R (2003) Spaces of intercultural communication: an interdisciplinary introduction to communication, culture, and globalizing/localizing identities. Hampton, Cresskill

    Google Scholar 

  • MacBride S (ed) (1980) Many voices, one world: communication and society. Today and tomorrow. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Barbero J (1993) Communication, culture and hegemony, from the media to mediations. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • McKee N, Manoncourt E, Saik Yoon C, Carnegie R (2000) Involving people evolving behaviour. Southbound, Penang

    Google Scholar 

  • McMichael P (2008) Development and social change: a global perspective. Pine Forge Press, Los Angeles

    Google Scholar 

  • Mowlana H (1986) Development. A field in search of itself. American University, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Mowlana H, Wilson L (1987) Communication and development: a global assessment. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash J (ed) (2005) Social movements: an anthropological reader. Blackwell, Malden, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Nederveen Pieterse J (2010) Development theory, 2nd edn. Sage, Los Angeles

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogan CL, Bashir M, Camaj L, Luo Y, Gaddie B, Pennington R, Rana S, Salih M (2009) Development communication: the state of research in an era of ICTs and globalization. Int Commun Gaz 71(8):655–670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Omoto A (2005) Processes of community change and social action. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah

    Google Scholar 

  • Papa MJ, Singhal A, Papa W (2006) Organizing for social change. A dialectic journey of theory and praxis. Sage, New Delhi

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pateman C (1972) Participation and democratic theory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Prehn O (1991) From small scale utopianism to large scale pragmatism. In: Jankowski N, Prehn O, Stappers J (eds) The people’s voice. Local radio and television in Europe. John Libbey, London/Paris/Rome, pp 247–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Rangel C (1977) The Latin Americans: their love-hate relationship with the United States. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyes-Matta F (1986) Alternative communication: solidarity and development in the face of transnational expansion. In: Atwoord R, Mcanany E (eds) Communication and Latin American society. Trends in critical research 1960–1985. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, pp 190–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson R (1992) Globalization: social theory and global culture. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers EM (1962) The diffusion of innovations. The Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers EM (1986) Communication technology: the new media in society. The Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers A (2005) Participatory diffusion or semantic confusion. In: Harvey M (ed) Media matters: perspectives on advancing governance & development from the Global Forum for Media Development. Internews Europe, London, pp 179–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiller HI (1976) Communication and cultural domination. International Arts and Sciences Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholte J (2005) Globalization: a critical introduction. Palgrave, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schramm W (1964) Mass media and national development: the role of information in the developing countries. Stanford University Press, Stanford

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (1999) Communication for development: one world, multiple cultures. Hampton, Creskill

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (ed) (2003) Approaches to development: studies on communication for development. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (ed) (2008) Communication for development and social change. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (2011) Social change. Oxford bibliographies online (OBO). Oxford University Press, New York, 58 pp. http://www.oxfordbibliographiesonline.com/display/id/obo-9780199756841-0063

  • Servaes J (ed) (2013a) Sustainable development and green communication. African and Asian perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan, London/New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (ed) (2013b) Sustainability, participation and culture in communication. Theory and praxis. Intellect-University of Chicago Press, Bristol/Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J (ed) (2014) Technological determinism and social change. Communication in a tech-mad world. Lexington Books, Lanham

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J, Lie R (eds) (1998) Media and politics in transition: cultural identity in the age of globalization. Acco, Louvain-la-Neuve

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J, Liu S (eds) (2007) Moving targets: mapping the paths between communication, technology and social change in communities. Southbound, Penang

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J, Malikhao P (2010) Comunicacion participativa. El Nuevo paradigma? In: Thornton R, Cimadevilla G (eds) Usos y Abusos del Participare/Usos e abusos do participar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, pp 67–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Servaes J, Polk E, Shi S, Reilly D, Yakupitijage T (2012) Towards a framework of sustainability indicators for ‘communication for development and social change’ projects. Int Commun Gaz (Sage) 74(2):99–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shah H (2007) Meta-research of development communication studies, 1997–2005: patterns and trends since 1958. Paper presented to ICA, San Francisco, May

    Google Scholar 

  • Somavia J (1977) Third world participation in international communication. Perspective after Nairobi. Paper symposium ‘International communication and third world participation’, Amsterdam, September

    Google Scholar 

  • Somavia J (1981) The democratization of communication: from minority social monopoly to majority social representation. Dev Dialogue 2:13

    Google Scholar 

  • Sparks C (2007) Globalization, development and the mass media. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Staples A (2006) The birth of development: how the World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization changed the world, 1945–1965. The Kent State University Press, Kent

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiglitz J (1998) Towards a new paradigm for development: strategies, policies, and processes. Prebisch lecture at UNCTAD, Geneva, 19 October 1998

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunkel O, Fuenzalida E (1980) La transnacionalizacion del capitalismo y el desarrollo nacional. In: Sunkel O, Fuenzalida E, Cardoso F et al (eds) Transnacionalizacion y dependencia. Cultura Hispania, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  • Tehranian M (2007) Rethinking civilization: resolving conflict in the human family. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomlinson J (1999) Globalisation and culture. Polity, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay S (ed.) (2007) Developpement durable et communications. Au-dela des mots, pour un veritable engagement. Presses de l’Universite du Quebec, Quebec

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jan Servaes .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Servaes, J., Malikhao, P. (2020). Communication for Development and Social Change: Three Development Paradigms, Two Communication Models, and Many Applications and Approaches. In: Servaes, J. (eds) Handbook of Communication for Development and Social Change. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7035-8_110-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7035-8_110-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-7035-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-7035-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Literature, Cultural and Media StudiesReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities

Publish with us

Policies and ethics