Skip to main content

The Role of Personality in Workplace Bullying Research

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Pathways of Job-related Negative Behaviour

Abstract

Relying on international literature, the aim of this chapter is to expand the understanding of the relationship between personality and workplace bullying. The hope is to inspire, and possibly deepen, future research endeavours on this topic. The chapter is divided into three main sections that in turn (a) address how personality fits into workplace bullying research, (b) elaborate important empirical studies and (c) discuss extant and future research challenges. It is argued that the concepts of workplace bullying and personality to some extent share theoretical assumptions and empirical procedures. It is also argued that additional benefits and insights may be gained by moving beyond the personality trait perspective commonly adopted in workplace bullying research, by perhaps using a more person-centred approach to personality or by adopting other personality perspectives that focus on abilities, motivations and needs. To address the complexities and dynamics that are associated with the study of people’s personalities in the workplace bullying context, there seems to be a need for imaginative thinking and new study designs. This may, for example, entail studies that simultaneously focus on the personalities of targets of workplace bullying, perpetrators and bystanders. It may also entail studies that focus on how personality matters at different stages in the workplace bullying process and in the formal management of workplace bullying (e.g. who reports workplace bullying and how does the workplace bullying episode reach a conclusion).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Allport, G. W., & Odbert, H. S. (1936). Trait names. A Psycho-lexical study (Vol. 47). Princeton/Albany: The American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aquino, K., & Lamertz, K. (2004). A relational model of Workplace victimization: Social roles and patterns of victimization in dyadic relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 1023–1034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Archer, D. (1999). Exploring “bullying” culture in the para-military organisation. International Journal of Manpower, 20(1–2), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437729910268687.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ariza-Montes, A., Leal-Rodriguez, A. L., & Leal-Millan, A. G. (2015). A comparative study of workplace bullying among public and private employees in Europe. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 57(6), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1097/Jom.0000000000000437.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Astrauskaite, M., Kern, R. M., & Notelaers, G. (2014). An individual psychology approach to underlying factors of workplace bullying. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 70(3), 220–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baillien, E., Escartín, J., Gross, C., & Zapf, D. (2017). Towards a conceptual and empirical differentiation between workplace bullying and interpersonal conflict. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2017.1385601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balducci, C., Alfano, V., & Fraccaroli, F. (2009). Relationships between mobbing at work and MMPI-2 personality profile, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and suicidal ideation and behavior. Violence and Victims, 24(1), 52–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1978). Self system in reciprocal determinism. American Psychologist, 33(4), 344–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergman, L. R., & Magnusson, D. (1997). A person-oriented approach in research on developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 9(2), 291–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloch, C. (2013). Vidner som aktører i mobning [Witnesses as actors in bullying]. In N. C. Mossfeldt Nickelsen (Ed.), Arbejdslivets skyggesider (pp. 217–236). Århus: Klim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, M., & Pringle, C. (1982). The missing opportunity in organizational research: Some implications for a theory of work performance. The Academy of Management Review, 7(4), 560–569.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonde, J. P., Gullander, M., Hansen, A. M., Grynderup, M., Persson, R., Hogh, A., …, & Kolstad, H. A. (2016). Health correlates of workplace bullying: A 3-wave prospective follow-up study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3539.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowling, N. A., Beehr, T. A., Bennett, M. M., & Watson, C. P. (2010). Target personality and workplace victimization: A prospective analysis. Work and Stress, 24(2), 140–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2010.489635. Pii 923454718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buss, D. M. (1991). Evolutionary personality psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 42, 459–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher, J. N., Dahlstrom, W. G., Graham, J. R., Tellegen, A. M., & Kreammer, B. (1989). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Manual for administration and scoring. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, P., Leach, L. S., & Kiely, K. M. (2016). Why it’s important for it to stop: Examining the mental health correlates of bullying and ill-treatment at work in a cohort study. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 50(11), 1085–1095. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867415622267.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cami, J., Llorente, M., Farre, M., & Badenas, J. M. (1989). Personality of healthy-volunteers participating in phase-I Clinical-Trials. Personality and Individual Differences, 10(11), 1199–1200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(89)90088-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carducci, B. J. (1998). The psychology of personality. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing company (ITP).

    Google Scholar 

  • Caspi, A., Roberts, B. W., & Shiner, R. L. (2005). Personality development: Stability and change. Annual Review of Psychology, 64(56), 453–484. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141913.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choi, B. C., & Pak, A. W. (2005). A catalog of biases in questionnaires. Preventing Chronic Disease, 2(1), A13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, T., Hogh, A., Carneiro, I. G., & Borg, V. (2013). Does psychological well-being mediate the association between experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and turnover among care workers? A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69(6), 1301–1313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06121.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cosmides, L., & Tooby, J. (2013). Evolutionary psychology: New perspectives on cognition and motivation. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 201–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1997). Stability and change in personality assessment: The revised NEO personality inventory in the year 2000. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68(1), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6801_7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (2000). Overview: Innovations in assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. Assessment, 7(4), 325–327. https://doi.org/10.1177/107319110000700402.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cowie, H., Naylor, P., Rivers, I., Smith, P. K., & Pereira, B. (2002). Measuring workplace bullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-1789(00)00034-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, I., Smith-Lee Chong, P., Seigne, E., & Randall, P. (2003). Self and peer nominations of bullying: An analysis of incident rates, individual differences, and perceptions of the working environment. European Journal of Work and Organisational Psychology, 12(3), 209–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. A. (1964). The approval motive: Studies in evaluative dependence. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2011). The limits to workplace friendship Managerialist HRM and bystander behaviour in the context of workplace bullying. Employee Relations, 33(3), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425451111121777.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2012). Clarifying my world: Identity work in the context of workplace bullying. The Qualitative Report, 17(8), 1–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2017). Workplace cyberbullying. In K. Briken, S. Chillas, M. Krzywdzinski, & A. Marks (Eds.), The new digital workplace: How new technologies revolutionize work (pp. 112–131). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2018). Target experiences of workplace bullying on online labour markets. Uncovering the nuances of resilience. Employee Relations, 40(1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2016-0171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dallner, M., Lindström, K., Elo, A., Skogstad, A., Gamberale, F., Vesa, H., …, & Örhede, E. (2000). Användarmanual för QPS-Nordic: Frågeformulär om psykologiska och sociala faktorer i arbetslivet utprovat i Danmark, Finland, Norge och Sverige. [User’s Guide for the Qps-nordic: General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work] Arbetslivsrapport (Vol. 19). Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, C. (1872/1965). The expressions of emotions in man and animal. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure – Emergence of the 5-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donovan, M. A., Drasgow, F., & Munson, L. J. (1998). The perceptions of fair interpersonal treatment scale: Development and validation of a measure of interpersonal treatment in the workplace. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(5), 683–692.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drayton, M. (2009). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Occupational Medicine-Oxford, 59(2), 135–135. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqn182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology, 6(5), 178–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Einarsen, S. (1999). The nature and causes of bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower, 20(1–2), 16–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Einarsen, S. (2000). Harassment and bullying at work: A review of the Scandinavian approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5(4), 379–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. (2003). The concept of bullying at work: The European tradition. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace. International perspectives in research and practice (pp. 3–30). London: Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., & Notelaers, G. (2009). Measuring exposure to bullying and harassment at work: Validity, factor structure and psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised. Work and Stress, 23(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370902815673. Pii 911454418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. (2011). The concept of bullying and harassment at work: The European tradition (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erlich, P. R. (2000). Human natures: Genes, cultures and the human prospect. Washington, DC: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J. (1963). Biological basis of personality. Nature, 199, 1031–1034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Funder, D. C. (2006). Towards a resolution of the personality triad: Persons, situations, and behaviors. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gandolfo, R. (1995). MMPI-2 profiles of worker’s compensation claimants who present with complaints of harassment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(5), 711–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, C., Philippot, P., Jouve, E., Bruguerolle, B., & Blin, O. (1998). Effects of anxiety on emotional reactivity, performance and vigilance, in healthy volunteers. Thérapie, 53(3), 301–308.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Girardi, P., Monaco, E., Prestigiacomo, C., Talamo, A., Ruberto, A., & Tatarelli, R. (2007). Personality and psychopathological profiles in individuals exposed to mobbing. Violence and Victims, 22(2), 172–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gobert, J. J. (1977). Victim precipitation. Columbia Law Review, 77(4), 511–553. https://doi.org/10.2307/1121822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative “description of personality”: The big-five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(6), 1216–1229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality-traits. American Psychologist, 48(1), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.48.1.26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The international personality item pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, J. A., & McNaughton, N. (1996). The neuropsychology of anxiety: Reprise. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 43, 61–134.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gullander, M., Hogh, A., Hansen, A. M., Persson, R., Rugulies, R., Kolstad, H. A., …, & Bonde, J. P. (2014). Exposure to workplace bullying and risk of depression. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 56(12), 1258–1265. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, A. M., Hogh, A., Persson, R., Karlson, B., Garde, A. H., & Orbaek, P. (2006). Bullying at work, health outcomes, and physiological stress response. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60(1), 63–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hauge, L. J., Skogstad, A., & Einarsen, S. (2007). Relationships between stressful work environments and bullying: Results of a large representative study. Work and Stress, 21(3), 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370701705810.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hauge, L. J., Skogstad, A., & Einarsen, S. (2009). Individual and situational predictors of workplace bullying: Why do perpetrators engage in the bullying of others? Work and Stress, 23(4), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370903395568. Pii 917513823.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hershcovis, M. S. (2011). “Incivility, social undermining, bullying … oh my!”: A call to reconcile constructs within workplace aggression research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(3), 499–519. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.689.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hogh, A., Hoel, H., & Carneiro, I. G. (2011). Bullying and employee turnover among healthcare workers: A three-wave prospective study. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(6), 742–751. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01264.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hogh, A., Conway, P. M., & Mikkelsen, E. G. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for workplace bullying. In P. Sturmey (Ed.), The Wiley handbook of violence and aggression: Vol. 3. Societal interventions. Wiley (Published online Dec. 2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, J. J., Connolly, J. J., Garrison, S. M., Leveille, M. M., & Connolly, S. L. (2015). Your friends know how long you will live: A 75-year study of peer-rated personality traits. Psychological Science, 26(3), 335–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614561800.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, R. P., Hood, J. N., & Jacobson, K. J. L. (2017). The effects of moral emotional traits on workplace bullying perpetration. Ethics & Behavior, 27(7), 527–546. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2016.1182026.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T., & Bono, J. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits-self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability-with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T., Erez, A., Bono, J., & Thoresen, C. (2002). Are measures of self-esteem, neuroticism, locus of control, and generalized self-efficacy indicators of a common core construct? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 693–710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, G. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. A theory of personality (Vol. 1). New York: W.W. Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirsch, I., & Lynn, S. J. (1999). Automaticity in clinical psychology. American Psychologist, 54(7), 504–515. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.54.7.504.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. (1999). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. London: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leymann, H. (1996). The content and development of mobbing at work. European Journal of Work and Organisational Psychology, 5(2), 165–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lezak, M. D. (1983). Neuropsychological assessment (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, G., & Deary, I. J. (1998). Personality traits. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2001). MMPI-2 configurations among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 467–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2007). Perpetrators and targets of bullying at work: Role stress and Individual Differences. Violence and Victims, 22(6), 735–753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McAdams, D. P. (2000). Personality psychology. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 124–128). New York: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCrae, R. R. (2010). The place of the FFM in personality psychology. Psychological Inquiry, 21(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478401003648773. Pii 921904496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meade, A. (2012). Restriction of range. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 1279–1280). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monte, C. F. (2000). Theories. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 128–133). New York: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mortensen, M., & Baarts, C. A. (2018). Killing ourselves with laughter…mapping the interplay of organizational teasing and workplace bullying in hospital work life. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management, 13, 10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mulder, R., Pouwelse, M., Lodewijkx, H., & Bolman, C. (2014). Workplace mobbing and bystanders’ helping behaviour towards victims: The role of gender, perceived responsibility and anticipated stigma by association. International Journal of Psychology, 49(4), 304–312. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12018.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mulder, R., Pouwelse, M., Lodewijkx, H., Bos, A. E. R., & van Dam, K. (2016). Predictors of antisocial and prosocial behaviour of bystanders in workplace mobbing. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 26(3), 207–220. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M. B., & Knardahl, S. (2015). Is workplace bullying related to the personality traits of victims? A two-year prospective study. Work and Stress, 29(2), 128–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2015.1032383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M. B., Notelaers, G., & Einarsen, S. (2011). Measuring exposure to workplace bullying. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Developments in theory, research and practice (pp. 149–175). London: Taylor & Francis Ltd..

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M. B., Mageroy, N., Gjerstad, J., & Einarsen, S. (2014). Mobbing i arbeidslivet og senare helseplager [Workplace bullying and subsequent health problems]. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen, 134(12–13), 1233–1238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M. B., Indregard, A. M., & Overland, S. (2016). Workplace bullying and sickness absence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the research literature. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(5), 359–370. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M. B., Glaso, L., & Einarsen, S. (2017). Exposure to workplace harassment and the Five Factor Model of personality: A meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 195–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nowak, M. A. (2006). Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science, 314(5805), 1560–1563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at schools: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pallesen, S., Nielsen, M. B., Mageroy, N., Andreassen, C. S., & Einarsen, S. (2017). An experimental study on the attribution of personality traits to bullies and targets in a workplace setting. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlov, I. (1927). Conditional reflexes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Persson, R., Hogh, A., Hansen, A. M., Nordander, C., Ohlsson, K., Balogh, I., …, & Orbaek, P. (2009). Personality trait scores among occupationally active bullied persons and witnesses to bullying. Motivation and Emotion, 33, 387–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Persson, R., Hogh, A., Grynderup, M. B., Willert, M. V., Gullander, M., Hansen, A. M., …, & Bonde, J. P. E. (2016). Relationship Between Changes in Workplace Bullying Status and the Reporting of Personality Characteristics. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 58(9), 902–910. https://doi.org/10.1097/Jom.0000000000000822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pervin, L. (1993). Personality. Theory and research (6th ed.). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pieters, M. S. M., Jennekensschinkel, A., Schoemaker, H. C., & Cohen, A. F. (1992). Self-selection for personality-variables among healthy-volunteers. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 33(1), 101–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plotkin, H. (2011). Human nature, cultural diversity and evolutionary theory. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 366(1563), 454–463. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0160.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Podsiadly, A., & Gamian-Wilk, M. (2017). Personality traits as predictors or outcomes of being exposed to bullying in the workplace. Personality and Individual Differences, 115, 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rammsayer, T., Stahl, J., & Schmiga, K. (2006). Basic personality dimensions and stress-related coping strategies in victims of workplace bullying. Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 5(2), 41–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotter, J. B. (1954). Social learning and clinical psychology. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sackett, D. L. (1979). Bias in analytic research. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 32(1–2), 51–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samnani, A. K., & Singh, P. (2016). Workplace bullying: Considering the interaction between individual and work environment. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(3), 537–549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, T. (2005). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Brief Version: Factor structure and reliability. The Journal of Psychology, 139(6), 545–552. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.139.6.545-552.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seigne, E., Coyne, I., Randall, P., & Parker, J. (2007). Personality traits of bullies as a contributory factor in workplace bullying: An exploratory study. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 10(1), 118–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setterlind, S., & Larsson, G. (1995). The stress profile: A psychosocial approach to measuring stress. Stress Medicine, 11, 85–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shiffrin, R. M., & Schneider, W. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information-processing. 2. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review, 84(2), 127–190. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms. New York: Appelton-Century-Crofts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, S., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2003). Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(5), 1041–1053.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strelau, J. (1998). Temperament: A psychological perspective. New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Heugten, K. (2013). Resilience as an underexplored outcome of workplace bullying. Qualitative Health Research, 23(3), 291–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732312468251.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoyama, M., Suzuki, M., Takai, Y., Igarashi, A., Noguchi-Watanabe, M., & Yamamoto-Mitani, N. (2016). Workplace bullying among nurses and their related factors in Japan: A cross-sectional survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(17–18), 2478–2488. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13270.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zapf, D. (1999). Organisational, work group related and personal causes of mobbing bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower, 20(1–2), 70–85. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437729910268669.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zawadzki, B., Strelau, J., Szczepaniak, P., & Sliwinska, M. (1998). Inwentarz osobowosci NEOFFI Costy McCrae: Adaptacja polska. Podrecznik Warsawa: Pracownia Testow Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimbardo, P. G. (1973). Ethics of intervention in human psychological research – With special reference to Stanford prison experiment. Cognition, 2(2), 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(72)90014-5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, M. (1991). Psychobiology of personality. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Roger Persson , Eva Gemzøe Mikkelsen or Annie Hogh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Persson, R., Mikkelsen, E.G., Hogh, A. (2018). The Role of Personality in Workplace Bullying Research. In: D'Cruz, P., et al. Pathways of Job-related Negative Behaviour. Handbooks of Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment, vol 2. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6173-8_4-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6173-8_4-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6173-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-6173-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics