Abstract
In long-haul optical communications, it is generally desired to transmit the greatest data throughput over the longest distance, without signal regeneration if possible, at the lowest cost-per-bit. The capacity-distance product in b/s-km is an important metric in evaluating system performance. Total system capacity is the product of spectral efficiency (b/s/Hz) and the bandwidth (Hz) available for signal transmission. The usable bandwidth is constrained by the transparency region of glass and by the availability of cost-effective amplifiers. Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) was an area of active research in the 1980s (Ishio et al. 1984; Brackett 1990). The invention of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the 1990s enabled repeaterless transmission over transcontinental and transoceanic distances (Desurvire 2002). Today, EDFAs facilitate long-haul optical fiber transmission in the C- (1530–1570 nm) and L- (1570–1610 nm) bands, giving a total utilizable bandwidth of around 10 THz.
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Ip, E. (2018). Optical Coherent Detection and Digital Signal Processing of Channel Impairments. In: Peng, GD. (eds) Handbook of Optical Fibers. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_54-1
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