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Nuclear BMI-1 as a Biomarker in Laryngeal Cancer

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Biomarkers in Cancer

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Abstract

The main cause of treatment failure and death in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. The current clinical staging criteria fail to differentiate patients with occult metastasis from patients without metastasis. Identifying molecular markers of the disease might improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma and may help improve clinical staging and treatment.

Emerging studies show BMI1 has an important function as a biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are cells with self-renewal characteristics and capable of initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis, tumor recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There are increasing studies that consider the role of CSCs in head and neck cancers and the potential result of this knowledge on clinical-surgical outcome. A promising intracellular marker of CSCs in head and neck cancer is the oncoprotein BMI1, with specific data about its prognostic value based on the specific location. More precisely, the nuclear expression of BMI1 in patients with laryngeal carcinoma seems to correlate with lymph node metastasis.

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Abbreviations

BMI1:

B-Cell-Specific moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration site 1

BTRC:

Beta-Transducin Repeat Containing

cBMI1:

Cytoplasmatic B-Cell-Specific Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Site 1

CSCs:

Cancer Stem Cells

EMT:

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

HTH:

Helix-Turn-Helix

LSCC:

Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

nBMI1:

Nuclear B-Cell-Specific Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Site 1

PcG:

Polycomb Group

PRC1:

Polycomb-Repressive Complex 1

PRC2:

Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2

PSC:

Posterior Sex Control

RF:

Ring Finger

TERT:

Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy

    Eugenia Allegra & Serena Trapasso

Authors
  1. Eugenia Allegra
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  2. Serena Trapasso
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Correspondence to Eugenia Allegra .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine King’s College London, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Scien, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. Faculty of Science & Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Allegra, E., Trapasso, S. (2015). Nuclear BMI-1 as a Biomarker in Laryngeal Cancer. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Cancer. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7681-4_15

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