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Definition
The term “cold forging” represents both a range of bulk forming processes done with workpieces at room temperature without an additional external heating and the resulting component made by cold forging. Metalworking by cold forging predominantly comprises cold extrusion processes. In an extrusion process, the cross-sectional area of a single workpiece is reduced by forcing it through an orifice with a punch, as shown in Fig. 1. In cold extrusion, the workpiece is initially at room temperature when supplied to the forming process (CIRP 1997).
Principle of cold forging exemplified by a forward rod extrusion process. (According to Schuler GmbH, Solid forming (Forging), 1998, p. 471, Fig. 5.1)
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References
CIRP (Collège International pour la Recherche en Productique) (1997) Dictionary of production engineering, metal forming 1, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin
Dahme M, Hirschvogel M et al (2011) Forged components. Hirschvogel Holding GmbH, Denklingen
DIN 8583-1:2003-09 (2003) Manufacturing processes forming under compressive conditions – part 1: general; classification, subdivision, terms and definitions. Beuth, Berlin
DIN 8583-3:2003-09 (2003) Manufacturing processes forming under compressive conditions – part 3: free forming; classification, subdivision, terms and definitions. Beuth, Berlin
DIN 8583-6:2003-09 (2003) Manufacturing processes forming under compressive conditions – part 6: extrusion; classification, subdivision, terms and definitions. Beuth, Berlin
DIN 8584-2:2003-09 (2003) Manufacturing processes forming under combination of tensile and compressive conditions – part 2: drawing through constricted tool orifices; classification, subdivision, terms and definitions. Beuth, Berlin
Doege E, Behrens B-A (2007) Handbuch Umformtechnik [Metal forming handbook]. Springer, Berlin (in German)
Engel U, Groenbaek J, Hinsel C, Kroiß T, Meidert M, Neher R, Räuchle F, Schrader T (2011) Tooling solutions for challenges in cold forging. UTF Sci 2011(3):1–24
ICFG/International Cold Forging Group, Meisenbach GmbH (2002) ICFG-Document No. 14/02: tool life & tool quality in cold forging – part 1: general aspects of tool life. Meisenbach, Bamberg
ICFG/International Cold Forging Group, Meisenbach GmbH (2004) ICFG-Document No. 16/04: tool life & tool quality in cold forging, part 2: quality requirements for tool manufacturing. Meisenbach, Bamberg
Lange K (1985) Handbook of metal forming. McGraw-Hill, New York
Lange K, Kammerer M, Pöhlandt K, Schöck J (2008) Fließpressen: Wirtschaftliche Fertigung metallischer Präzisionswerkstücke [Extrusion: efficient production of metallic precision parts]. Springer, Berlin (in German)
Schuler GmbH (1998) Metal forming handbook. Springer, Berlin
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Merklein, M. (2019). Cold Forging. In: Chatti, S., Laperrière, L., Reinhart, G., Tolio, T. (eds) CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6501
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