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Dermatomyositis und andere Autoimmunerkrankungen

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Braun-Falco's Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die Dermatomyositis ist eine idiopathische entzündliche Myopathie mit unterschiedlicher Ausprägung der Haut- und/oder Muskelbeteiligung sowie möglicher viszeraler Organmanifestation. Die adulte Form der Dermatomyositis ist mit einem erhöhten Malignomrisiko assoziiert; die Therapie basiert auf einer systemischen Immunsuppression, bestehend aus hoch dosierten Kortikosteroiden und einem adjuvanten Immunsuppressivum. Bei unzureichendem Ansprechen werden hoch dosierte intravenöse Immunglobuline oder Rituximab eingesetzt. Als gemischte Bindegewebserkrankung wird eine Multiorganerkrankung mit Symptomen anderer systemischer Autoimmunerkrankungen bezeichnet, meist Symptomen der systemischen Sklerodermie, des systemischen Lupus erythematodes mit Muskel- und Gelenkbeteiligungen. Immunserologisch ist der Nachweis von Anti-U1RNP-IgG-Autoantikörpern diagnostisch wegweisend. Im Rahmen einer rheumatoiden Arthritis können sich an der Haut polymorphe, entzündlich knotige, vaskulitische und ulzerierende Hautläsionen zeigen. Der Nachweis von zirkulierenden IgG-Autoantikörpern gegen den Transkriptionsfaktor ΔNp63α ist pathognomonisch für die Diagnose einer chronisch ulzerierenden Stomatitis.

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Correspondence to Rüdiger Eming .

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Eming, R. (2018). Dermatomyositis und andere Autoimmunerkrankungen. In: Plewig, G., Ruzicka, T., Kaufmann, R., Hertl, M. (eds) Braun-Falco's Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49546-9_55-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49546-9_55-1

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