Abstract
The production classification and market situation of water chillers are introduced in this chapter. Some production and energy efficiency standards of water chiller are analyzed, including AHRI 551/591, ASHRAE 90.1, EN 14825, EN 14511, GB/T 18430.1, GB/T 25127.1, GB/T 25127.2, GB 19577, etc,. The performance assessment indicators in these standards are compared. A series of high energy efficiency technologies of water chillers are introduced, including new compressor technology, high-efficiency heat exchange technology, new refrigerants technology, system energy conservation technology, high temperature water chiller technology, and “water chiller + natural cold source” cooling technology in data center. Based on the application of these technologies, the component energy efficiency, unit energy efficiency, and system energy efficiency of water chillers will improve significantly.
Keywords
References
JARN (2015) World Chiller and Large AC Market. http://www.ejarn.com/special.aspx?iss=chillers
AHRI 551/591 (SI)-2015 Performance Rating of Water-chilling and Heat Pump Water-heating Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
BS EN 14825:2016 Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps, with electrically driven compressors, for space heating and cooling - Testing and rating at part load conditions and calculation of seasonal performance
EN 14511:2013 Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps, with electrically driven compressors, for space heating and cooling
GB/T18430.1-2007 Water chilling (heat pump) packages using the vapor compression cycle-Part 1: Water chilling (heat pump) packages for industrial or commercial and similar application
GB/T18430.2-2016 Water chilling (heat pump) packages using the vapor compression cycle-Part 2: Water chilling (heat pump) packages for household and similar application
GB/T 25127.1-2010 Low ambient temperature air source heat pump (water chilling) packages -Part 1: Heat pump (water chilling) packages for industrial or commercial and similar application
GB/T 25127.2-2010 Low ambient temperature air source heat pump (water chilling) packages-Part 2: Heat pump (water chilling) packages for household and similar application
GB/T 18362-2008 Direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type water chiller/heater
GB/T 18431-2014 Steam and hot water lithium bromide absorption type water chiller
GB/T 20107-2006. Absorption water chiller (heater) for villa and similar application
GB 19577-2015 The minimum allowable values of the energy consumption and energy efficiency grades for water chillers
JIS B8613-1994 Water chilling unit
JIS B8621-2011 Centrifugal water chillers
AS/NZS 4776.1.1:2008 Liquid-chilling packages using the vapor compression cycle Part 1.1: Method of rating and testing for performance-Rating
AS/NZS 4776.1.2:2008 Liquid-chilling packages using the vapor compression cycle Part 1.2: Method of rating and testing for performance-Testing
AS/NZS 4776. 2:2008 Liquid-chilling packages using the vapor compression cycle Part 2: Minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) and compliance requirements
CNS 12575-2007 Water chiller using vapor compression cycle
Wang Rujin, Zhang Xiuping, Jia Lei, et al (2011) Technology of varied refrigerant volume for air-condition compressor. Cryo Supercond 39(3):58–62
China Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Industry Association, Hefei General Machinery Research Institute (2016) Investigation report on present situation and development trend of China industrial and commercial refrigerant compressor
Liu Xiaohong (2010) Twenty years. development analysis of China refrigeration and air-conditioning industry. Refrig Air Condit 10:4–9
Wu Yezheng, Li Hongqi, et al (2010) Refrigeration compressor. Mechanical Industry Press, Beijing
China Refrigeration Institute (2016) China Refrigeration Industry Strategic Development Research Report
Wang Xuehui, Yuan Xiaorong, Wu Mei, et al (2014) Research progress of horizontal falling film evaporator in refrigeration system. J Refrig 35:19–28
Wang Li, Su Xinpin (2014) Summary on research progress of falling-film evaporator used in water chiller. Refrig Air Condit 14:94–102
Huang Lei, Meng Wenjun, Yang Guangming, et al (2012) Application status and research progress of plate heat exchanger. Petrochem Equip 15:28–31
Zhang Linhui, Li Chunlan, Wang Sen, et al (2015) Research status and development of plate heat exchanger. Chem Eng Equ 10:211–213
Li Ruolan, Peng Peng (2015) Research and application of evaporative condenser heat transfer enhancement. Power Gener Air Condit 36:61–65
Hu Tingting Xuan Yongmei (2013) Research status and development trend of evaporative condenser. Refrig Air Condit 27:335–338
Zhao Yue, Zhou Hongjian, Xie Jing (2012) Research progress of evaporative condenser at home and abroad. Food Mach 28:254–256
Lemmon EW, Huber ML, McLinden MO (2013) NIST Standard Reference Database 23 Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties-REFPROP, Version 9.1. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
Chemours (2016) https://www.chemours.com/opteon_stationary/en_gb/assets/downloads/opteon-xl10_pib.pdf. [EB/OL]
Chemours (2016) https://www.chemours.com/opteon_stationary/en_gb/assets/downloads/opteon-xl55_pib.pdf. [EB/OL]
Ankit SETHI, Samuel F. YANA MOTTA (2016) Low GWP Refrigerants for Air-conditioning and Chiller Applications. The 16th International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
Liang Caihua, Zhang Xiao song, Mei Kui, et al (2008) Influences of Variab1e Chilled Water Flow rate on the Performance of Water Chiller Unit and Energy Saving Optimum Control. Build Sci 24(6):40–44
Mei Kui, Liang Caihua, Zhang Xiaosong (2008) Influence of variable-volume on performance of cooling coil. J Chem Ind Eng 59(S2):109–113
Tian Wei, He Xuebing, Liu Gang (2013) Numerical analysis on influence of variable cooling water flow rate on chiller’s performance. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 13(7):24–28
Jin Xing, Zhangxiao-song (2008) Study on the performance of constant and variable water flow under part load conditions for variable-frequency chiller. Build Sci 24(6):40–44
Wang Sheng long, Li Guoping (2016) Energy-saving Analysis on Variable Flow of Centrifugal Chiller and Air-conditioning System. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 16(4):61–64
Yu FW, Chan KT (2009) Environmental performance and economic analysis of all-variable speed chiller systems with load-based speed control. Appl Therm Eng 29(8/9):1721–1729
Yan Wei-jia, Ren Qing-chang, Yan Xiu-ying et al (2011) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 11(2):37–40
Liang Zengyong (2009) Design of condensation heat recovery from water-cooled chillers. Heat Ventilat Air Condit 39(11):107–110
Zhou Guanghui, Yu Na, Zhang Zhen et al (2008) The current research situation and development tendency of air-conditioning condensing-heat recovery technology. Cryo Supercond 36(10):65–68
Pan Yungang, Liu Xiaohua, Xu Wenlong (2016) Design guide for temperature and humidity independent control (THIC) of air-conditioning system. World Scientific Publishing, Beijing, pp 85–86
Jayantha S, Saliya J, Saman K et al (2013) Potential of air-side economizers for data center cooling: a case study for key Australian cities. Appl Energy 104:207–219
Zhou Feng, Tian Xin, Ma Guoyuan (2011) Experimental study on energy saving characteristics of heat pipe heat exchanger used in IDC room. Civil Environ Process 33:111–116
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany
About this entry
Cite this entry
Zhang, X., Jia, L., Wu, J., Wang, R., Li, J., Zhong, Y. (2017). Efficient Water-Cooled Chillers. In: Wang, R., Zhai, X. (eds) Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49088-4_20-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49088-4_20-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-49088-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-49088-4
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EnergyReference Module Computer Science and Engineering