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Case of Energy System in a Green Building in Tianjin

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Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings

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Abstract

Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system plays a significant role in efficient utilization of energy. In this chapter, a case study on energy system in a green building in Tianjin is presented. As for the energy system, a typical CCHP system is proposed including a power generation unit (PGU), an absorption chiller, and a ground heat source pump (GSHP) to substitute conventional electric chiller and auxiliary boiler. Then a matrix modeling approach is presented to optimize the CCHP system. Modeled in a matrix form, the CCHP system can be viewed as an input–output model. Energy conversion and flow from the system input to the output is modeled by a conversion matrix including the dispatch factors and components efficiencies. By designing the objective function and determining the constraint, the optimization problem of minimizing the comprehensive performance (CP) of operational cost, carbon dioxide emission, and primary energy consumption is solved. Thus the size of the PGU and GSHP is optimized using the linear search method. After that an illustrative case study is conducted to present the effectiveness, and results show that the thermal load and electric load are well satisfied by the proposed system no matter judging from the typical daily aspect or monthly aspect or annual aspect. Finally, the on-site energy matching (OEM) and on-site energy fraction (OEF) are employed to evaluate how much on-site generated energy is exported or wasted and how much demands are covered by the on-site generated energy. The results showed that the produced energy of the CCHP system is not fully used, while it can well satisfy the end user load.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Tianjin University, Ministry of Education, No. 92, Weijing Road, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Ligai Kang, Zelin Li & Shuai Deng

Authors
  1. Ligai Kang
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  2. Zelin Li
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  3. Shuai Deng
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shuai Deng .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenies, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Ruzhu Wang

  2. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenies, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Xiaoqiang Zhai

Section Editor information

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd,, Shanghai, China

    Xiaoqiang Zhai Ph.D

Nomenclature

Nomenclature

c Unit prices (CNY/m3 or CNY/kg or CNY/kWh)

C Capital cost per unit (CNY/kW)

COP Coefficient of performance

E Electricity (kW)

F Fuel energy (KW)

H Efficiency matrix

i Interest rate

l Number of equipment

n Service life

N Installation capacity (kW)

Q Heat (kW)

r Load ratio

R Capital recovery factor

V Vectors

Symbols

η Efficiency

α Dispatch factor

μ The emission conversion factors

k The site-to-primary energy conversion factors

Γ Dispatch matrix

Subscripts and Superscripts

ac Absorption chiller

c Cooling

e Electricity

ex Heat exchanger

f Natural gas

grid Grid

gshp Ground source heat pump

h Thermal

i Input

k k th component

o Output

pgu power generation unit

user End user

0 Rated parameter

Abbreviation

ATC Annual total cost

CCHP Combined cooling, heating, and power

CDE Carbon dioxide emissions

EDM Electricity demand management

FEL Following the electric load

FHL Hybrid load-following method

FTL Following the thermal load

GDP Gross domestic product

GSHP Ground source heat pump

OC Operational cost

OEF On-site energy fraction

OEM On-site energy matching

PEC Primary energy consumption

PGU Power generation unit

TDM Thermal demand management

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© 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany

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Kang, L., Li, Z., Deng, S. (2017). Case of Energy System in a Green Building in Tianjin. In: Wang, R., Zhai, X. (eds) Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49088-4_14-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49088-4_14-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-49088-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-49088-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EnergyReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

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