Definition
Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are small DNA-containing viruses that belong to the family of Parvoviridae. Thus far, 11 serotypes of adeno-associated viruses (AAV-1 to AAV-11) have been cloned from humans and primates, and multiple further isolates were identified in various other species, including birds, bovines, mice, rats, and goats. According to current knowledge, none of these naturally occurring viruses are pathogenic in humans. AAV type 2 (AAV-2) has been studied for over 40 years and is the best characterized AAV isolate, hence its frequent referral as the AAV prototype. All AAV serotypes are currently being developed and evaluated as gene transfer vectors for the human gene therapy of various inherited or acquired diseases, including different types of cancer.
Characteristics
As typical members of the Parvovirus family, AAV are characterized by nonenveloped, icosahedral capsids of about 18–24 nm in diameter. These capsids carry linear single-stranded DNA genomes of...
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Grimm D, Kay MA (2004) From virus evolution to vector revolution: use of naturally occurring serotypes of adeno-associated virus (AAV) as novel vectors for human gene therapy. Curr Gene Ther 3:281–304
Grimm D, Pandey K, Kay MA (2005) Adeno-associated virus vectors for short hairpin RNA expression. Methods Enzymol 392:381–405
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Warrington KH, Herzog RW (2006) Treatment of human disease by adeno-associated viral gene transfer. Hum Genet 119:571–603
See Also
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Grimm, D. (2015). AAV. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_8
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