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Pediatric Nephrology pp 247–278Cite as

Physiology of the Developing Kidney: Acid-Base Homeostasis and Its Disorders

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Abstract

The body is highly dependent on acid–base control by the kidneys, lungs, and buffer systems to provide a cellular environment suitable for normal health, growth, and development. The acid and alkali loads from ingesting food and fluid must be managed so that the extracellular hydrogen ion (H+) concentration is maintained within a very narrow range. There are serious consequences from acid–base perturbations. Patients with severe acidemia, high blood levels of H+, may have problems with hyperkalemia, increased susceptibility to cardiac dysrhythmias, osteopenia, recurrent nephrolithiasis, skeletal muscle atrophy, and growth retardation in children

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Peter D. Yorgin & Robert H. Mak

  2. Pediatric Nephrology Division, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

    Peter D. Yorgin & Robert H. Mak

  3. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Elizabeth G. Ingulli

  4. Division of Nephrology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Elizabeth G. Ingulli

  5. Kidney Transplant Program, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

    Elizabeth G. Ingulli

Authors
  1. Peter D. Yorgin
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  2. Elizabeth G. Ingulli
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  3. Robert H. Mak
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Correspondence to Robert H. Mak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital, Health System of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

    Ellis D. Avner

  2. Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    William E. Harmon

  3. Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France

    Patrick Niaudet

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama City, Japan

    Norishige Yoshikawa

  5. Division of Nephrology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital – IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Emma

  6. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Stuart L. Goldstein

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Yorgin, P.D., Ingulli, E.G., Mak, R.H. (2016). Physiology of the Developing Kidney: Acid-Base Homeostasis and Its Disorders. In: Avner, E., Harmon, W., Niaudet, P., Yoshikawa, N., Emma, F., Goldstein, S. (eds) Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43596-0_8

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