Zusammenfassung
Geschlechtsstereotype beschreiben die Zuweisung bestimmter Merkmale und Eigenschaften zu Individuen nur aufgrund ihrer Zugehörigkeit zur Gruppe weiblicher bzw. männlicher Personen, ohne dass dabei berücksichtigt wird, dass Unterschiede innerhalb der Geschlechtsgruppen größer ausfallen können als Unterschiede zwischen ihnen. Zunächst definieren wir die Konstrukte „Stereotyp“ und „Geschlechtsstereotyp“. Im Anschluss erläutern wir die Entstehung von kulturübergreifend geltenden Geschlechtsstereotypen anhand der Sozialen Rollentheorie. Es folgt eine Darstellung, wie Menschen Geschlechtsstereotype erwerben. Schließlich werden die Mechanismen erläutert, über die sich Geschlechtsstereotype auf Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmung auswirken: kognitive Schemata, selbsterfüllende Prophezeiungen, geschlechtstypisierte Identitäten und Bedrohung durch Geschlechtsstereotype.
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Hannover, B., Wolter, I. (2017). Geschlechtsstereotype: wie sie entstehen und sich auswirken. In: Kortendiek, B., Riegraf, B., Sabisch, K. (eds) Handbuch Interdisziplinäre Geschlechterforschung. Geschlecht und Gesellschaft, vol 65. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12500-4_16-1
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