Synonyms
Introduction
The goal of seismic design is to prevent life-threatening damage and to allow moderate damage that can be repaired after an earthquake. From a life safety perspective, the most serious bridge damage occurs when the deck collapses, because of inadequate seat details, column failure, or cap beam-column joint failure. The collapse of the link span of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake (Fig. 1a) was caused by failure of two bolted connections under the span’s supporting truss which led to its unseating (Buckle et al. 1990). The bridge failure of the Hanshin elevated expressway during the 1995 Great Hanshin Kobe earthquake (Fig. 1b) is attributed to column failure caused mainly by poor anchorage of the circular hoop ends which were lap spliced in the cover concrete (Park 1996) and inadequate amount and details of the longitudinal...
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References
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Pantelides, C.P. (2014). Strengthening Techniques: Bridges. In: Beer, M., Kougioumtzoglou, I., Patelli, E., Au, IK. (eds) Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_210-1
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