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Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology pp 1–3Cite as

Zygomatic-Maxillary Complex Fractures

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Synonyms

Malar complex fracture; Maxillary complex fracture; Orbito-zygomatico-maxillary fracture; Tetrapod fracture; Trimalar fracture; Tripod fracture; Zygomatic complex fracture

Definition

The most common zygomatico-maxillary complex (ZMC) fracture pattern involves fracture of the frontozygomatic suture (lateral orbital rim), the zygomatic arch, the lateral buttress (zygomatico-maxillary buttress), and the inferior orbital rim (Cummings 2005). The fractures through the lateral buttress and the inferior orbital rim are commonly connected by an anterior maxillary wall fracture. Although this represents the most common fracture pattern, significant variation exists. For example, the zygoma itself may be fractured into pieces and partial ZMC fractures, involving some, but not all of the fractures listed above, may occur (Figs. 1 and 2).

Fig. 1
figure 1

Important anatomic correlates in ZMC fractures.

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Keywords

  • Complex Fracture
  • Zygomatic Arch
  • Orbital Floor
  • Orbital Floor Fracture
  • Zygomatic Complex

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Gary Joseph Lelli & Benjamin Levine

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Weill College of Medicine of Cornell University, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Dara Liotta & Ashutosh Kacker

Authors
  1. Gary Joseph Lelli
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  2. Dara Liotta
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  3. Benjamin Levine
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  4. Ashutosh Kacker
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gary Joseph Lelli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Ophthal & Optometry,AKH, Medical University of Wien Dept of Ophthal & Optometry,AKH, Wien, Austria

    Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main Department of Ophthalmology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Thomas Kohnen

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Lelli, G.J., Liotta, D., Levine, B., Kacker, A. (2014). Zygomatic-Maxillary Complex Fractures. In: Schmidt-Erfurth, U., Kohnen, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_222-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_222-3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35951-4

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