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Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering pp 3861–3871Cite as

Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms

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Synonyms

Very low-frequency seismicity; VLP events; VLPs

Introduction

Deformation at active volcanoes spans a wide range of frequencies, from permanent changes up to cycles of 100s of Hz. Scattering and anelasticity attenuate the high-frequency signals rapidly, making their detection difficult. The dominant range of frequencies observed with seismological methods, between about 0.5 and 5 Hz, has been well recorded for many decades, beginning with analog recordings. Studies of discrete events and longer-duration tremor in this so-called long-period (LP) band have led to significant advances in understanding of volcanological processes, but studies of events with lower frequencies have only been possible since the use of instruments that can record them has become widespread.

Very-long-period (VLP) seismicity with frequencies below the LP band has been observed at nearly every type of active volcano, including those with activity limited to hydrothermal systems. As with LP seismicity,...

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Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms, Fig. 1
Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms, Fig. 2
Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms, Fig. 3
Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms, Fig. 4
Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms, Fig. 5

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931-1295, USA

    Gregory P. Waite

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  1. Gregory P. Waite
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Correspondence to Gregory P. Waite .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Computer Science in Civil Engineering, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, University Hannover, Hannover, Germany

    Michael Beer

  2. Department of Civil Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Ioannis A. Kougioumtzoglou

  3. Institute for Risk & Uncertainty and Centre for Engineering Sustainability, Liverpool, UK

    Edoardo Patelli

  4. Institute for Risk & Uncertainty and Centre for Engineering Dynamics, Liverpool, UK

    Siu-Kui Au

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Waite, G.P. (2015). Very-Long-Period Seismicity at Active Volcanoes: Source Mechanisms. In: Beer, M., Kougioumtzoglou, I.A., Patelli, E., Au, SK. (eds) Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_46

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