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CIS is a lesion that exhibits the cytologic changes of invasive carcinoma but that is limited to the epithelium with no invasion of the basement membrane. For instance, in colorectal cancer, CIS represents an early form of carcinoma that is restricted to the colon mucosa and only locally expands within the mucosa without expanding over the mucosa limits. There is a complete absence of invasion of the surrounding tissues. However, becoming bigger, CIS will then grow over the colon mucosa limits, reach the surrounding vessels, and thus become invasive. Invasive carcinomas, that are able to metastasize, are often the first clinical presentation of colon cancer (Colorectal Cancer Clinical Oncology). Transitional cell CIS carries a high risk of progression to invasion. CIS also appears in breast cancer and cervical cancer.
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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Schwab, M. (2015). Carcinoma In Situ. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_849-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_849-2
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9
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