Encyclopedia of Cancer

Living Edition
| Editors: Manfred Schwab

Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention

  • Lynne M. Howells
  • Karen Brown
Living reference work entry
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7223-1
How to cite

Synonyms

Adenomatous polyps; COX-2 inhibitors; Therapeutic prevention

Definition

Chemoprevention involves the use of drugs (of synthetic or natural origin) in order to delay, reverse, or prevent disease progression. The chemoprevention concept is not a new medical intervention and has been used for decades with remarkable success as part of risk reduction approaches for cardiovascular disease. Diseases with a long latency period, such as colorectal cancer, provide an ideal scenario for the application of chemopreventive strategies with a considerable potential to improve patient outcomes. However, in order to determine whether such a strategy may be truly beneficial within this paradigm, two research areas need to experience significant advances. Firstly, our understanding of the natural progression of the disease and underlying molecular and genetic changes needs to be improved further, and secondly, robust and easily measurable biomarkers need to be discovered and developed for...

Keywords

Colorectal Cancer Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Lynch Syndrome Aberrant Crypt Focus Colorectal Cancer Risk 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Burn J et al (2011a) A randomized placebo-controlled prevention trial of aspirin and/or resistant starch in young people with familial adenomatous polyposis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 4(5):655–665CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Burn J et al (2011b) Long-term effect of aspirin on cancer risk in carriers of hereditary colorectal cancer: an analysis from the CAPP2 randomised controlled trial. Lancet 378(9809):2081–2087CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  3. Gandini S et al (2014) Metformin and cancer risk and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis taking into account biases and confounders. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 7(9):867–885CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Hughes DJ et al (2015) Selenium status is associated with colorectal cancer risk in the European prospective investigation of cancer and nutrition cohort. Int J Cancer 136(5):1149–1161CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Rothwell PM et al (2010) Long-term effect of aspirin on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: 20-year follow-up of five randomised trials. Lancet 376(9754):1741–1750CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Stolfi C et al (2013) Mechanisms of action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and mesalazine in the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 14(9):17972–17985CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar

See Also

  1. (2012) Aberrant crypt foci. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 13–14. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6531Google Scholar
  2. (2012) Acetylsalicylic acid. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 17. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_26Google Scholar
  3. (2012) Adenomatous polyposis coli. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 48. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_86Google Scholar
  4. (2012) Analgesic. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 168. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_251Google Scholar
  5. (2012) Antioxidant. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 216. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_328Google Scholar
  6. (2012) Atherosclerosis. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 299. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_432Google Scholar
  7. (2012) Beta-catenin. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 385. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_889Google Scholar
  8. (2012) Biomarkers. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 408–409. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6601Google Scholar
  9. (2012) Cardiotoxicity. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 666. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_859Google Scholar
  10. (2012) Concurrent. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 965. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6821Google Scholar
  11. (2012) Coxibs. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 990. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1358Google Scholar
  12. (2012) Risk factor. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3310. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_5111Google Scholar
  13. (2012) Secondary cancer prevention. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3347. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_5198Google Scholar
  14. (2012) Tertiary cancer prevention. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3651. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_5735Google Scholar
  15. (2012) Toxicity. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3731. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_5868Google Scholar
  16. (2012) Ulcerative colitis. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3836. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6095Google Scholar
  17. (2012) Wnt. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3953. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6255Google Scholar
  18. (2012) Cyclooxygenase-2. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1035. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1435Google Scholar
  19. (2012) Cyclooxygenases. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 1035–1036. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1434Google Scholar
  20. (2012) Epidemiologic studies. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1269. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1929Google Scholar
  21. (2012) Familial adenomatous polyposis. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1373. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_2106Google Scholar
  22. (2012) Histology. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1697. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_2748Google Scholar
  23. (2012) HNPCC. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1711. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_2776Google Scholar
  24. (2012) In vitro. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1839. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3023Google Scholar
  25. (2012) MAPK. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2167. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3532Google Scholar
  26. (2012) Mesalazine. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2238. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3638Google Scholar
  27. (2012) Metabolite. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2258. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3661Google Scholar
  28. (2012) Mutation. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2412. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3911Google Scholar
  29. (2012) Omeprazole. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2609. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_4215Google Scholar
  30. (2012) Personalised medicine. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2828. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_4476Google Scholar
  31. (2012) Polyp. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2955. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_6524Google Scholar
  32. (2012) Primary cancer prevention. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2985. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_4731Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Cancer StudiesUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK