Definition
Ca2+ homeostasis is the dynamic equilibrium of Ca2+ ion concentration in the body or in the cell (“cellular Ca2+ homeostasis”).
Characteristics
Even if 99 % of the Ca2+ ions of the body are trapped in the bones and could be considered as stable, Ca2+ homeostasis refers to the control of the free Ca2+ ion concentrations at the extracellular (“[Ca2+]ex”) and the intracellular (“[Ca2+]i”) levels.
Control of [Ca2+]ex is important because Ca2+ ions stabilize numerous ionic channels like the voltage-gated ones: thus a decrease of [Ca2+]ex could induce spontaneous contraction of muscles, implying that [Ca2+]ex must be tightly controlled in the blood. This is mainly done by parathyroid hormone that controls the uptake of Ca2+ ions by the gusts, the release by the bones, and the reabsorption by the kidneys.
Cellular Ca2+ Homeostasis
At the cellular level, [Ca2+]i is an equilibrium between the Ca2+ ion concentration of the different compartments, mainly the cytosol ([Ca2+]cyt),...
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References
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Chantôme A, Potier-Cartereau M, Clarysse L, Fromont G, Marionneau-Lambot S, Guéguinou M, Pagès JC, Collin C, Oullier T, Girault A, Arbion F, Haelters JP, Jaffrès PA, Pinault M, Besson P, Joulin V, Bougnoux P, Vandier C (2013) Pivotal role of the lipid raft SK3-Orai1 complex in human cancer cell migration and bone metastases. Cancer Res 73(15):4852–4861
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See Also
(2012) Ca 2+ aTPase. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin, p 577. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_763
(2012) Ca 2+ -release channels. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 577. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_764
(2012) Calcineurin. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 584. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_775
(2012) Cyclosporin A. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1036. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1440
(2012) Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1870. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3071
(2012) T lymphocyte. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 3600. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_5654
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Dellis, O. (2014). Ca2+ Homeostasis. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7208-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7208-1
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