Definition
The process of programmed cell death is triggered through the photoactivation of photosensitizers in the target cells. Photosensitizers that induce tumor cell apoptosis are usually localized in organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
Characteristics
Apoptosis is a highly regulated cell death process executed by a family of caspases. Two well-established pathways, namely, extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, have been described. The extrinsic pathway involves the initial binding of ligands to the cell surface death receptors and the subsequent activation of initiator caspase-8. The intrinsic pathway involves the convergence of stress signals to the mitochondria, leading to mitochondria membrane permeabilization (MOMP), releasing of proapoptotic proteins such as cytochrome C into the cytosol, and the activation of initiator caspase-9. Apoptotic signals from these two activation pathways...
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References
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Starkey JR, Rebane AK, Drobizhev MA, Meng F, Gong A, Elliott A, McInnerney K, Spangler CW (2008) New two-photon activated photodynamic therapy sensitizers induce xenograft tumor regressions after near-IR laser treatment through the body of the host mouse. Clin Cancer Res 14(20):6564–6573
See Also
Yoo JO, Ha KS (2012) New insights into the mechanisms for photodynamic therapy-induced cancer cell death. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 295:139–174
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Mak, N.K., Lung, M.L. (2014). PDT-Induced Apoptosis. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7145-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7145-3
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9
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