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S-100 Proteins

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Cancer

  • 63 Accesses

S100 Proteins

S100, S100B, S100P, S100A1, S100A2, S100A3, S100A4, S100A7, S100A8/9, S100A10, S100A11, S100A13.

Definition

S100 proteins are small molecular weight calcium-binding proteins with two calcium-binding domains made up of two helix-loop-helix (EF-hand) motifs. Also, S100 proteins are subcellular fractions of proteins which are completely (100 %) solubilized at neutral pH of saturated ammonium sulfate, hence the name S100. They are known to be highly similar in their structure and amino acid sequences but are quite different in their functions. So far, there are 21 members of the S100 family in the human genome. These proteins are often metabolized in the kidney and released in urine with a half-life of ~2 h.

Characteristics

Members of S100 protein family play a significant role in progression and metastasis of various cancers. Majority of S100 proteins are exclusively present on human chromosome 1q21, the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) region. This region has high...

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Abbreviations

AKT:

Protein kinase B

BCL2:

B-cell lymphoma 2

CCL2:

Chemokine CC ligand 2

CREB:

Camp response element-binding protein

DLC1:

Deleted in liver cancer 1

EGF:

Epithelial growth factor

EMT:

Epithelial mesenchymal transduction

ERK:

Extracellular regulated kinases

ESCC:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

FGF-1:

Fibroblast growth factor 1

IDC:

Invasive ductal carcinaoma

Jab1:

c-Jun activation domain-binding protein-1

KLF:

Kruppel-like factor

miR155:

MicroRNA 155

miR29b:

MicroRNA 29b

MMP9:

Metalloproteinase 9

MMTV:

Mouse mammary tumor virus.

Ndr:

Nuclear Dbf2-related kinase

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor-kappa B

OSCC:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases

PyMT:

Polyoma middle T-antigen

RAGE:

Receptor for advanced glycation end product

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SP:

Sp transcription factor

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

Stat3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

TAMs:

Tyro-3 Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase receptors

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor beta

TLR4:

Toll like receptor 4

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, The Ohio State Medical Centre, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Mohamad Elbaz, Grace Amponsah, Ramesh K. Ganju & Mohd W. Nasser

Authors
  1. Mohamad Elbaz
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  2. Grace Amponsah
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  3. Ramesh K. Ganju
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  4. Mohd W. Nasser
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Correspondence to Mohd W. Nasser .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abt. Tumorgenetik, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany

    Manfred Schwab

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Elbaz, M., Amponsah, G., Ganju, R.K., Nasser, M.W. (2015). S-100 Proteins. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_5143-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_5143-2

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9

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