Encyclopedia of Cancer

Living Edition
| Editors: Manfred Schwab

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein

  • Jürgen Dittmer
Living reference work entry
First Online:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_4389-2
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Synonyms

PLP; PTHLH; PTHrP

Definition

PTHrP was discovered as a humoral factor that induces hypercalcemia of malignancy. PTHrP shares with parathyroid hormone (PTH), a protein that regulates calcium homeostasis, the ability to interact with the parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R), a G-protein-coupled receptor. Activation of PTH1R in the bone, kidney, and intestine leads to increased calcium blood levels.

Characteristics

Protein Structure

Three isoforms of the PTHrP protein exist, containing 139, 141, or 173 amino acid, each of which is coupled to a prepropeptide of 36 amino acid on its N-terminus. The mature PTHrP consists of a least three functional domains, the N-terminus, the mid-region domain, and the C-terminal domain. In the 173 amino acid isoform, the last 34 amino acids may form a fourth functional domain. Following posttranscriptional cleavage of PTHrP, these domains are able to act separately. The N-terminus shows similarities to the N-terminus of PTH and is a secretory...

Keywords

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ligand PTHrP Expression Plasminogen Activate System PTHrP mRNA Cellular cAMP Level 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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References

  1. Dittmer J (2004) The importance of PTHrP for cancer development. Gene Ther Mol Biol 8:451–464Google Scholar
  2. Dittmer J (2007) Mechanisms involved in the regulation of PTHrP expression. In: Luparello C (ed) Novel aspects of PTHrP physiopathology. Nova Science Publisher, HauppaugeGoogle Scholar
  3. Liao JL, McCauley LK (2006) Skeletal metastasis: established and emerging roles of parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP). Cancer Metastasis Rev 25:559–571CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Strewler GJ (2000) The physiology of parathyroid hormone-related protein. N Engl J Med 342:177–185CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Klinik für GynäkologieUniversität Halle-WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany