Definition
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) derives from the follicular thyroid cells. It is the most common type of thyroid cancer. PTC usually occurs sporadically. However, familial occurrence has been noted. Patients with familial adenomatosis polyposis (FAP), which is caused by mutations in the APC gene, seem to have an increased risk of developing PTC. Patients with Cowden syndrome, an inherited hamartoma syndrome caused by mutations in the tumor-suppressor gene PTEN , also have an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer, specifically follicular thyroid carcinoma, but PTC has also been reported. Somatic rearrangements in RET have most often been found in about 10–40 % of PTC. In transgenic mice, these rearrangements are capable of causing PTC. Recently, a somatic point mutation in BRAF (V600E; previously designated as V599F) has been identified as the most common (35–70 %) genetic change is PTCs.
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Keywords
- Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Developing Thyroid Cancer
- Familial Adenomatosis Polyposis (FAP)
- Cowden Syndrome
- Follicular Thyroid Cells
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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(2012) APC. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 234. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_347
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Schwab, M. (2015). Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_4370-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_4370-2
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9
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