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Encyclopedia of Astrobiology pp 1Cite as

Genomics

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Definition

Genomics is the field of genetics which studies the structure, organization, and function of entire genomes. This global and integrative approach was initiated in the decade of the 1980s, thanks to the advances in automatic DNA sequencing and the availability of new bioinformatic tools for analyzing increasingly large amounts of genetic information. Four milestones in genomics were the sequencing of the first viral genome in 1976, the completion of the first bacterial genome in 1995, the first eukaryotic genome in 1996, and the release of the first draft of the human genome in 2001. Different current subfields of genomics include structural genomics, functional genomics, metagenomics, pharmacogenomics, and comparative genomics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC/INTA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra de Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejon de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    Carlos Briones

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  1. Carlos Briones
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Correspondence to Carlos Briones .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Ricardo Amils

  2. Labo. d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux (LAB), Observatoire Aquitain des Sciences de l'Univers (OASU), Floirac CX, France

    Muriel Gargaud

  3. Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), Inst. Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    José Cernicharo Quintanilla

  4. Geophysical Lab., Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    Henderson James Cleaves

  5. Astronomy Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA

    William M. Irvine

  6. Dépt. Sc. de la Terre et de l’Atmosphère, Université du Québec, Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Daniele Pinti

  7. Centre National d'Etudes Spatiale (CNES) DPI/E2U, Paris CX, France

    Michel Viso

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Briones, C. (2014). Genomics. In: Amils, R., et al. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_635-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_635-3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27833-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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