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Adakite

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Encyclopedia of Astrobiology

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Definition

Adakite is a volcanic rock of dacitic composition (dacite is a rock between intermediate andesite and felsic rhyolite and mainly composed of plagioclase, feldspar, and quartz) which emplaces in subduction zones. While most subduction-related magmas are generated by hydrous melting of the mantle wedge, adakites result from the melting of the subducting slab itself. Their geochemical composition is very similar to that of Archean tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite rocks or TTGs, of which they are modern analogues. This similarity supports the hypothesis that Archaean continental crust – dominated by TTG terranes – was generated in subduction-related environments.

Overview

Adakites are present-day volcanic rocks of dacitic composition, only little plutonic equivalents are known today (Bourgois et al. 2016). Martin (1999) showed that they are sodium-rich (3.5% ≤ Na2O ≤ 7.5%) and relatively potassium-poor (K2O / Na2O ~ 0.42). Their Sr content is high (Sr > 400 ppm, Sraverage= 70...

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References and Further Reading

  • Bourgois J, Lagabrielle Y, Martin H, Dyment J, Frutos JJ, Cisternas ME (2016) A review on forearc ophiolite obduction, adakite-like generation, and slab window development at the Chile Triple Junction area: uniformitarian framework for spreading-ridge subduction. Pure Appl Geophys 173:3217–3246

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  • Drummond MS, Defant MJ (1990) A model for trondhjemite-tonalite-dacite genesis and crustal growth via slab melting: Archaean to modern comparisons. J Geophys Res 95:21503–21521

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  • Kay RW (1978) Aleutian magnesian andesites: melts from subducted Pacific Ocean crust. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 4:117–132

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  • Martin H (1986) Effect of steeper Archean geothermal gradient on geochemistry of subduction-zone magmas. Geology 14:753–756

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  • Martin H (1999) The adakitic magmas: modern analogues of Archaean granitoids. Lithos 46(3):411–429

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  • Martin H, Smithies RH, Rapp R, Moyen JF, Champion D (2005) An overview of adakite, tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG), and sanukitoid: relationships and some implications for crustal evolution. Lithos 79(1-2):1–24

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  • Rogers G, Saunders AD, Terrell DJ, Verma SP, Marriner GF (1985) Geochemistry of holocene volcanic rocks associated with ridge subduction in Baja California, Mexico. Nature 315:389–392

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  • Smithies RH (2000) The Archaean tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series is not an analogue of Cenozoic adakite. Earth Planet Sci Lett 182:115–125

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, Aubière Cedex, France

    Hervé Martin

Authors
  1. Hervé Martin
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Correspondence to Hervé Martin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Pessac CX, France

    Muriel Gargaud

  2. Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA

    William M. Irvine

  3. Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain

    Ricardo Amils

  4. Analytical-, Environm., Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium

    Philippe Claeys

  5. Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, WASHINGTON, DC, USA

    Henderson James Cleaves

  6. Radio Astronomy, Paris Observatory, Paris, France

    Maryvonne Gerin

  7. Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, Meudon, France

    Daniel Rouan

  8. International Space Science Institute, Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Tilman Spohn

  9. Centre Francois Viète, Universite de Nantes, Nantes, France

    Stéphane Tirard

  10. Innovaxiom, Paris CX, France

    Michel Viso

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Martin, H. (2022). Adakite. In: Gargaud, M., et al. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5496-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5496-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27833-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27833-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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