Definition
IRAS 16293-2422 is a low-mass protostar located at a distance of 141 (+30, −21) pc (Dzib et al. 2018) in the L1689 cloud, which is part of the Rho Ophiuchi molecular cloud complex. This binary source is formed of the components IRAS 16293A and IRAS 16293B, which are separated by 5.1 arcsec (i.e., 719 AU at 141 pc). This deeply embedded object belongs to the Class 0 stage (André et al. 1993) and is well-known for its richness in complex organic molecules as well as its high deuterium fractionation.
History
This source detected in the 1980s with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite was quickly known for its rich molecular line spectrum (e.g., van Dishoeck et al. 1995). The interest for this protostar strongly increased with the detection of a wide variety of complex organic molecules characteristic of hot molecular cores (e.g., CH3CHO, CH3OCHO, CH3OCH3, and C2H5CN) by Cazaux et al. (2003). It was the first time that such molecules were found in a low-mass protostar. To better...
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References and Further Reading
André P, Ward-Thompson D, Barsony M (1993) Submillimeter continuum observations of Rho Ophiuchi A – the candidate protostar VLA 1623 and prestellar clumps. Astrophys J 406:122–141. https://doi.org/10.1086/172425
Caux E, Kahane C, Castets A et al (2011) TIMASSS: the IRAS 16293-2422 millimeter and submillimeter spectral survey. I. Observations, calibration, and analysis of the line kinematics. Astron Astrophys 532:23. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015399
Cazaux S, Tielens AGGM, Ceccarelli C et al (2003) The hot core around the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422: scoundrels rule! Astrophys J Lett 593:51–55. https://doi.org/10.1086/378038
Ceccarelli C, Bacmann A, Boogert A et al (2010) Herschel spectral surveys of star-forming regions. Overview of the 555–636 GHz range. Astron Astrophys 521:L22. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015081
Chandler CJ, Brogan CL, Shirley YL, Loinard L (2005) IRAS 16293-2422: proper motions, jet precession, the hot core, and the unambiguous detection of infall. Astrophys J 632:371–396. https://doi.org/10.1086/432828
Coutens A, Jørgensen JK, van der Wiel MHD et al (2016) The ALMA-PILS survey: first detections of deuterated formamide and deuterated isocyanic acid in the interstellar medium. Astron Astrophys 590:L6. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628612
Coutens A, Willis ER, Garrod RT et al (2018) First detection of cyanamide (NH2CN) towards solar-type protostars. Astron Astrophys 621:A107. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732346
Dzib SA, Ortiz-Leon DN, Loinard L et al (2018) VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions. VIII. The LkHα 101 cluster. Astrophys J 853:99. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa431
Fayolle EC, Oberg KI, Jørgensen JK et al (2017) Protostellar and cometary detections of organohalogens. Nat Astron 1:703–708. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-017-0237-7
Jacobsen SK, Jørgensen JK, van der Wiel MHD et al (2018) The ALMA-PILS survey: 3D modeling of the envelope, disks and dust filament of IRAS 16293-2422. Astron Astrophys 612:A72. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731668
Jørgensen JK, Bourke TL, Nguyen Luong G, Takakuwa S (2011) Arcsecond resolution images of the chemical structure of the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422. An overview of a large molecular line survey from the Submillimeter Array. Astron Astrophys 534:A100. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201117139
Jørgensen JK, Favre C, Bisschop SE et al (2012) Detection of the simplest sugar, glycolaldehyde, in a solar-type protostar with ALMA. Astrophys J Lett 757:4. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/757/1/L4
Jørgensen JK, van der Wiel MHD, Coutens A et al (2016) The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS). First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA. Astron Astrophys 595:117. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628648
Kahane C, Ceccarelli C, Faure A, Caux E (2013) Detection of formamide, the simplest but crucial amide, in a solar-type protostar. Astrophys J Lett 763:38. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/763/2/L38
Kristensen LE, Klaassen PD, Mottram JC et al (2013) ALMA CO J = 6-5 observations of IRAS 16293-2422. Shocks and entrainment. Astron Astrophys 546:L6. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220668
Ligterink NFW, Coutens A, Kofman V et al (2017) The ALMA-PILS survey: detection of CH3NCO towards the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422 and laboratory constraints on its formation. Mon Not R Astron Soc 469:2219–2229. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx890
Martin-Domenech R, Rivilla VM, Jiménez-Serra I et al (2017) Detection of methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO) in a solar-type protostar. Mon Not R Astron Soc 469:2230–2234. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx915
Pineda JL, Maury AJ, Fuller GA et al (2012) The first ALMA view of IRAS 16293-2422. Direct detection of infall onto source B and high-resolution kinematics of source A. Astron Astrophys 544:L7. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219589
Van Dishoeck EF, Blake GA, Jansen DJ, Groesbeck TD (1995) Molecular abundances and low-mass star formation. II. Organic and deuterated species toward IRAS 16293-2422. Astrophys J 447:760. https://doi.org/10.1086/175915
Yeh SCC, Hirano N, Bourke TL et al (2008) The CO molecular outflows of IRAS 16293-2422 probed by the Submillimeter Array. Astrophys J 675:454–463. https://doi.org/10.1086/524648
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Coutens, A. (2019). IRAS16293-2422. In: Gargaud, M., et al. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5378-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5378-1
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