Synonyms
Definition
An aptasensor is a particular class of biosensor where the biological recognition element is a DNA or RNA aptamer. In an aptasensor, the aptamer recognizes the molecular target against which it was previously in vitro selected. The aptamer-target reaction is independent of both the type of detection system and the kind of transducer employed. Aptasensors can be easily multiplexed to detect a variety of aptamer-target reactions simultaneously.
History
Since the development of the first glucose biosensor in 1962 (Clark and Lions 1962), an extensive choice of biosensors has been developed. Among them, nucleic acid-based biosensors are of particular interest due to their practical applications in different fields of genomic research. In 1990 two independent groups simultaneously described aptamers as target-binding nucleic acid molecules (Tuerk and Gold 1990; Ellington and Szostak 1990). Adapting both technologies, aptamers-based biosensors were...
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References and Further Reading
Cho EJ, Lee J-W, Ellington AD (2009) Applications of aptamers as sensors. Annu Rev Anal Chem 2:241–264
Citartan M, Gopinath SCB, Tominaga J, Tan S-C, Tang T-H (2012) Assays for aptamer-based platforms. Biosens Bioelectron 34:1–11
Clark LC, Lions C (1962) Electrode systems for continuous monitoring in cardiovascular surgery. Ann Acad Sci 102:29
Collett JR, Cho EJ, Ellington AD (2005) Production and processing of aptamer microarrays. Methods 37:4–15
Drolet DW, Moon-McDermott L, Romig TS (1996) An enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay. Nat Biotechnol 14:1021–1025
Ellington AD, Szostak JW (1990) In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands. Nature 346:818–822
Fischer NO, Tarasow TM, Tok JBH (2007) Aptasensors for biosecurity applications. Curr Opin Chem Biol 11:316–328
Levy M, Cater SF, Ellington AD (2005) Quantum-dot aptamer beacons for the detection of proteins. Chembiochem 6:2163–2166
Moreno M, Gonzalez VM, Rincon E, Domingo A, Dominguez E (2011) Aptasensor based on the selective electrodeposition of protein-linked gold nanoparticles on screen-printed electrodes. Analyst 136:1810–1815
Song K-M, Jeong E, Jeon W, Cho M, Ban C (2012) Aptasensor for ampicillin using gold nanoparticle based dual fluorescence–colorimetric methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 402:2153–2161
Tuerk C, Gold L (1990) Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Science 249:505–510
Willner I, Zayats M (2007) Electronic aptamer-based sensors. Angew Chem Int Ed 46:6408–6418
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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Moreno, M. (2014). Aptasensor. In: Amils, R., et al. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5167-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5167-1
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