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Proteome, Proteomics

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Encyclopedia of Astrobiology

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Definition

A proteome is the complete set of proteins encoded by a genome. It is also defined as the proteincomplement of the genome. Whereas the proteome of a species is the whole set of potentially expressed proteins, the proteome of an individual organism displays variations according to the cell cycle, metabolic status, and environment-dependent variables. In multicellular organisms, the proteome is the subset of all encoded proteins which is expressed in a cell or tissue, also affected by the developmental stage and health of the organism. Proteomics is the field of molecular biology which studies the entire proteome for determining the structures and functions of the expressed proteins, as well as the relationships among them. Technologies widely used in proteomics include two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, techniques for structural characterization of proteins, and proteome-focused bioinformatic tools. In parallel to proteomics, other global and...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC/INTA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra de Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejon de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    Carlos Briones

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  1. Carlos Briones
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Correspondence to Carlos Briones .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Ricardo Amils

  2. Labo. d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux (LAB), Observatoire Aquitain des Sciences de l'Univers (OASU), Floirac CX, France

    Muriel Gargaud

  3. Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), Inst. Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    José Cernicharo Quintanilla

  4. Geophysical Lab., Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    Henderson James Cleaves

  5. Astronomy Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA

    William M. Irvine

  6. Dépt. Sc. de la Terre et de l’Atmosphère, Université du Québec, Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Daniele Pinti

  7. Centre National d'Etudes Spatiale (CNES) DPI/E2U, Paris CX, France

    Michel Viso

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Briones, C. (2014). Proteome, Proteomics. In: Amils, R., et al. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1289-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1289-3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27833-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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