Skip to main content
Book cover

Textbook of Aging Skin pp 1–12Cite as

Topical Growth Factors for Skin Rejuvenation

  • 327 Accesses

Abstract

Growth factors play a key role in the regulation of numerous cell processes including wound healing. More recently, they have been recognized also for use in skin rejuvenation. Aged skin reveals a similarly altered growth factor response as a chronic wound. Growth factors may reduce signs of skin aging due to their capacity to promote dermal fibroblast proliferation and to stimulate extracellular matrix formation. Growth factor products for skin rejuvenation can contain either recombinant growth factors, growth factors as part of conditioned cell culture media, or growth factors as part of cell lysates. Numerous randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrated the good tolerability and efficacy of those products. Today, there is evidence that the signs of aging skin may be best improved with a balanced mixture of growth factors.

Keywords

  • Growth factor
  • Skin aging
  • Rejuvenation
  • Wound healing
  • Fetal skin repair
  • Scar
  • Extracellular matrix
  • Collagen
  • Transforming growth factor-beta
  • Conditioned medium
  • Cell lysate
  • Fibroblast
  • Peptide
  • Matrikine
  • Clinical study

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Fig. 1

References

  1. Taub DD. Cytokine, growth factor, and chemokine ligand database. Curr Protoc Immunol. 2004 Sep; Chapter 6: Unit 6.29.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Werner S, Grose R. Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines. Physiol Rev. 2003;83(3):835–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Braund R, Hook S, Medlicott NJ. The role of topical growth factors in chronic wounds. Curr Drug Deliv. 2007;4(3):195–204.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Barrientos S, Stojadinovic O, Golinko MS, Brem H, Tomic-Canic M. Growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen. 2008;16(5):585–601.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Leahy PJ, Lawrence WT. Biologic enhancement of wound healing. Clin Plast Surg. 2007;34(4):659–71.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bullard KM, Longaker MT, Lorenz HP. Fetal wound healing: current biology. World J Surg. 2003;27(1):54–61.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fitzpatrick RE, Rostan EF. Reversal of photodamage with topical growth factors: a pilot study. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2003;5(1):25–34.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Fitzpatrick RE. Endogenous growth factors as cosmeceuticals. Dermatol Surg. 2005;31(7 Pt 2):827–31. discussion 831.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Quan TH, Shao Y, He T, Voorhees JJ, Fisher G. Reduced expression of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF/CCN2) mediates collagen loss in chronologically aged human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2010;130:415–24.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Noordam R, Gunn DA, Tomlin CC, Maier AB, Griffiths T, Ogden S, et al. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and facial ageing: high levels associate with reduced skin wrinkling in a cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(3):533–8.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Beanes SR, Dang C, Soo C, Ting K. Skin repair and scar formation: the central role of TGF-beta. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2003;5(8):1–22.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gosain A, DiPietro LA. Aging and wound healing. World J Surg. 2004;28(3):321–6.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Swift ME, Kleinman HK, DiPietro LA. Impaired wound repair and delayed angiogenesis in aged mice. Lab Invest. 1999;79(12):1479–87.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Komi-Kuramochi A, Kawano M, Oda Y, Asada M, Suzuki M, Oki J, et al. Expression of fibroblast growth factors and their receptors during full-thickness skin wound healing in young and aged mice. J Endocrinol. 2005;186(2):273–89.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lorenz HP, Lin RY, Longaker MT, Whitby DJ, Adzick NS. The fetal fibroblast: the effector cell of scarless fetal skin repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;96(6):1251–9. discussion 1260–1261.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ferguson MWJ, O’Kane S. Scar-free healing: from embryonic mechanisms to adult therapeutic intervention. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2004;359(1445):839–50.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Wu L, Siddiqui A, Morris DE, Cox DA, Roth SI, Mustoe TA. Transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF beta 3) accelerates wound healing without alteration of scar prominence. Histologic and competitive reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction studies. Arch Surg. 1997;132(7):753–60.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Uitto J. The role of elastin and collagen in cutaneous aging: intrinsic aging versus photoexposure. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7(2 Suppl):s12–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Baumann L. Skin ageing and its treatment. J Pathol. 2007;211(2):241–51.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Seite S, Zucchi H, Septier D, Igondjo-Tchen S, Senni K, Godeau G. Elastin changes during chronological and photo-ageing: the important role of lysozyme. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(8):980–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Yaar M, Gilchrest BA. Photoageing: mechanism, prevention and therapy. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(5):874–87.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Rao J, Ehrlich M, Goldman MP. Facial skin rejuvenation with a novel topical compound containing transforming growth factor β1 and vitamin C. Cosmet Dermatol. 2004;17:705–13.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ehrlich M, Rao J, Pabby A, Mitchel P. Improvement in the appearance of wrinkles with topical transforming growth factor β1 andL-ascorbic acid. Dermatol Surg. 2006;32(5):618–25.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schouest JM, Luu TK, Moy RL. Improved texture and appearance of human facial skin after daily topical application of barley produced, synthetic, human-like Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) serum. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(5):613–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Lee DH, Oh IY, Koo KT, Suk JM, Jung SW, Park JO, et al. Improvement in skin wrinkles using a preparation containing human growth factors and hyaluronic acid serum. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2015;17(1):20–3.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  26. Mehta RC, Smith SR, Grove GL, Ford RO, Canfield W, Donofrio LM, et al. Reduction in facial photodamage by a tropical growth factor product. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7(9):864–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Atkin DH, Trookan NS, Rizer RL, Schreck LE, Ho ET. Combination of physiologically balanced growth factors with antioxidants for reversal of facial photodamage. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2010;12(1):14–20.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Zimber MP, Mansbridge JN, Taylor M, Stockton T, Hubka M, Baumgartner M, et al. Human cell-conditioned media produced under embryonic-like conditions result in improved healing time after laser resurfacing. Aesthet Plast Surg. 2012;36(2):431–7.

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bruce S, Karnik J, Dryer L, Burkholder D. Anti-aging proof of concept study: results and summary. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014;13(9):1074–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Kupper TS, Groves RW. The interleukin-1 axis and cutaneous inflammation. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;105(1 Suppl):62S–6.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Gold MH, Goldman MP, Biron J. Efficacy of novel skin cream containing mixture of human growth factors and cytokines for skin rejuvenation. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6(2):197–201.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gold MH, Goldman MP, Biron J. Human growth factor and cytokine skin cream for facial skin rejuvenation as assessed by 3D in vivo optical skin imaging. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6(10):1018–23.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Lévêque JL. EEMCO guidance for the assessment of skin topography. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 1999;12(2):103–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Friedman PM, Skover GR, Payonk G, Kauvar AN, Geronemus RG. 3D in-vivo optical skin imaging for topographical quantitative assessment of non-ablative laser technology. Dermatol Surg. 2002;28(3):199–204.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Hussain M, Phelps R, Goldberg DJ. Clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural changes after use of human growth factor and cytokine skin cream for the treatment of skin rejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2008;10(2):104–9.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Lupo ML, Cohen JL, Rendon MI. Novel eye cream containing a mixture of human growth factors and cytokines for periorbital skin rejuvenation. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6(7):725–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Gilchrest BA. Treatment of photodamage with topical tretinoin: an overview. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36(3 Pt 2):S27–36.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Hayes BB, Afsahri A, Millecchia L, Willard PA, Povoski SP, Meade BJ. Evaluation of percutaneous penetration of natural rubber latex proteins. Toxicol Sci. 2000;56(2):262–70.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Glogau RG. Topically applied botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis: results of a randomized, blinded, vehicle-controlled study. Dermatol Surg. 2007;33(1 Spec No):S76–80.

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Schaefer H, Lademann J. The role of follicular penetration. A differential view. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2001;14 Suppl 1:23–7.

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Dreher F, Gold M. Matrikine-based micro-protein complex technology for topical skin rejuvenation. 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology Poster 1822. 20–24 Mar 2015. San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MERZ North America, Inc., 1875 S. Grant Street, Suite 620, San Mateo, CA, 94402, USA

    Frank Dreher

Authors
  1. Frank Dreher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Frank Dreher .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Miranda A. Farage

  2. Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Kenneth W. Miller

  3. Department Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this entry

Cite this entry

Dreher, F. (2016). Topical Growth Factors for Skin Rejuvenation. In: Farage, M., Miller, K., Maibach, H. (eds) Textbook of Aging Skin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27814-3_100-3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27814-3_100-3

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27814-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Chapter History

  1. Latest

    Topical Growth Factors for Skin Rejuvenation
    Published:
    30 April 2016

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27814-3_100-3

  2. Original

    Topical Growth Factors for Skin Rejuvenation
    Published:
    29 December 2015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27814-3_100-2