Flies are proven to be important vectors not only of microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi but they are also able to transmit parasites. This transmission may occur by contaminated feet. Furthermore, feces of flies often contain numerous parasitic stages such as oocysts of Coccidia and eggs of trematodes, tapeworms, and/or nematodes. All in all, however, there are rather few intense investigations (Dipeolu 1982; Förster et al. 2007, 2009a, b, 2012; Greenberg 1971, 1973; Szostakowska et al. 2004; Umeche and Mandah 1989). However, the papers of Förster et al. (2009a, b; 2012) and Gestmann et al. (2012) are based on a broad research on flies caught close to pigpens, dog meadows, cattle and horse stables, and chicken farms as well as at downtown recreation sites. All investigated flies showed considerable amounts of specimens of Cryptosporidium species, Giardia lamblia , Isospora species, Balantidium coli , Ascaris suum , Metastrongylus apri , Strongyloides species, ...
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References
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Mehlhorn, H. (2015). Flies as Vectors of Parasites. In: Mehlhorn, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3881-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3881-1
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