Abstract
DNA has many roles in skin cell function, including directing metabolism, storing the information of heredity, and sensing cell danger. Damage to DNA is a major cause of the chronic conditions of aging and photoaging. The natural repair system offers significant protection, and new compounds offer the promise of augmenting DNA repair.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Housman T, et al. Skin cancer is among the most costly of all cancers to treat for the Medicare population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48:425–429.
Salasche S. Epidemiology of actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;42:S4–S7.
Brash D. Sunlight and the onset of skin cancer. Trends Genet. 1997;13:410–414.
Yarr M, et al. Photoaging: mechanism, prevention and therapy. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:874–887.
Cadet J, et al. Ultraviolet radiation – mediated damage to cellular DNA. Mutat Res. 2005;571:3–7.
Mahmoud BH, et al. Effects of visible light on the skin. Photochem Photobiol. 2008;84:450–462.
Schreier W, et al. Thymine dimerization in DNA is an ultrafast photoreaction. Science. 2007;315:625–629.
Yoon J-H, et al. The DNA damage spectrum produced by simulated sunlight. J Mol Biol. 2000;299:681–693.
Courdavault S, et al. Larger yield of cyclobutane dimers than 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine in the DNA of UVA-irradiated human skin cells. Mutat Res. 2004;556:135–142.
Sancar A, et al. Molecular mechanisms of mammalian DNA repair and the DNA damage checkpoints. Ann Rev Biochem. 2004;73:39–85.
Christmann M, et al. Mechanisms of human DNA repair: an update. Toxicology. 2003;193:3–34.
Yarosh D, et al. After sun reversal of DNA damage: enhancing skin repair. Mutat Res. 2005;571:57–64.
Tanaka K, et al. Restoration of ultraviolet-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis of xeroderma pigmentosum cells by the concomitant treatment with bacteriophage T4 endonuclease V and HVJ (Sendai virus). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1975;72:4071–4075.
Carell T, et al. The mechanism of action of DNA photolyases. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2001;5:491–498.
Stege H, et al. Enzyme plus light therapy to repair DNA damage in ultraviolet-B-irradiated human skin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97:1790–1795.
Cleaver J. Cancer in xeroderma pigmentosum and related disorders of DNA repair. Nat Rev. 2005;5:564–573.
Randle H. The historical link between solid-organ transplantation, immunosuppression, and skin cancer. Dermatol Surg. 2004;30:595–597.
Yarosh D, et al. Calcineurin inhibitors decrease DNA repair and apoptosis in human keratinocytes following ultraviolet B irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125:1020–1025.
Au W, Navasumrit, et al. Use of biomarkers to characterize functions of polymorphic DNA repair genotypes. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2004;207:301–304.
Goode E, Ulrich C, Potter J. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and associations with cancer risk. Cancer Epid Biom Prev. 2002;11:1513–1530.
Kohno T, et al. Genetic polymorphisms and alternative splicing of the hOOG1 gene, that is involved in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in damaged DNA. Oncogene. 1988;16:3219–3225.
Dherin C, et al. Excision of oxidatively damaged DNA bases by the human α-hOGG1 protein and the polymorphic α-hOGG1(Ser326Cys) protein which is frequently found in human populations. Nucl Acids Res. 1999;27:4001–4007.
Janssen K, et al. DNA repair activity of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase I (OGG1) in human lymphocytes is not dependent on genetic polymorphism Ser326/Cys326. Mutat Res. 2001;486:207–216.
Yarosh D, et al. DNA repair gene polymorphisms affect cytotoxicity in the National Cancer Institute Human Tumor Cell Line Screening Panel. Biomarkers. 2005;10:188–202.
Yarosh D, et al. After sun reversal of DNA damage: enhanced skin repair. Mutat Res. 2005;571:57–64.
Mahroos R, et al. Effect of sunscreen application on UV-induced thymine imers. Arch Dermatol. 2002;138:1480–1485.
Funk JO. Cell cycle checkpoint genes and cancer. Encyclopedia Life Sci. 2005;1–5.
Harper JW, et al. The DNA damage response: ten years after. Mol Cell. 2007;28:739–745.
Sancar A, et al. Molecular mechanisms of mammalian DNA repair and the DNA damage checkpoints. Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:39–85.
Guzman E, et al. Mad dogs, Englishmen and apoptosis: the role of cell death in UV-induced skin cancer. Apoptosis. 2003;8:315–325.
Lu Y-P, et al. Effect of caffeine on the ATR/Chk1 pathway in the epidermis of UVB-irradiated mice. Cancer Res. 2008;68:2523–2529.
Zhou BB, et al. The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective. Nature. 2000;408:433–439.
Unsal-Kacmaz K, et al. Preferential binding of ATR protein to UV-damaged DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99:6673–6678.
Kondo S. The roles of keratinocyte-derived cytokines in the epidermis and their possible responses to UVA-irradiation. J Invest Dermatol Symp Proc. 1999;4:177–183.
Ansel J, et al. Cytokine modulation of keratinocyte cytokines. J Invest Dermatol. 1990;94:101S–107S.
Luger TA, et al. Evidence for an epidermal cytokine network. J Invest Dermatol. 1990;95:100S–104S.
Enk AH, et al. Early molecular events in the induction phase of contact sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:1398–1402.
Heck DE, et al. Solar ultraviolet radiation as a trigger of cell signal transduction. Toxycol Appl Pharmacol. 2004;195:288–297.
Barr R, et al. Suppressed alloantigen presentation, increased TNF-α, IL-1, IL-1RA, IL-10, and modulation of TNF-R in UV-irradiated human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;112:692–698.
Schwarz A, et al. Interleukin-12 suppresses ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis by inducing DNA repair. Nature Cell Biol. 2002;4:26–31.
Kripke M. Immunologic unresponsiveness induced by UV radiation. Immunol Rev. 1984;80:87–102.
Streilein J. Immunogenetic factors in skin cancer. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:884–887.
Vink A, et al. The inhibition of antigen-presenting activity of dendritic cells resulting from UV irradiation of murine skin is restored by in vitro photorepair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:5255–5260.
Kuchel J, et al. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation is a molecular trigger for solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation-induced suppression of memory immunity in humans. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2005;4:577–582.
Brennan M, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 is the major collagenolytic enzyme responsible for collagen damage in UV-irradiated human skin. Photochem Photobiol. 2003;78:43–48.
Wlaschek M, et al. UVA-induced autocrine stimulation of fibroblast-derived collagenase/MMP-1 by interrelated loops of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6. Photochem Photobiol. 1994;59:550–556.
Dong K, et al. UV-Induced DNA damage initiates release of MMP-1 in human skin. Exp Dermatol. 2008;17:1037–1044.
Fisher GJ, et al. Looking older. Fibroblast collapse and therapeutic implications. Arch Dermatol. 2008;666–672.
Leveque J-C, et al. Aging Skin: Properties and Functional Changes. Aulnoy-sous Bois: Informa Health Care, 1993.
Ryan T. The ageing of the blood supply and the lymphatic drainage of the skin. Micron. 2004;35:161–171.
Brash D. Sunlight and the onset of skin cancer. Trends Genet. 1997;13:410–414.
High W, et al. Genetic mutations involved in melanoma: a summary of our current understanding. Adv Dermatol. 2007;23:61–79.
Berneburg M, et al. Induction of the photoaging-associated mitochondrial common deletion in vivo in normal human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2004;122:1277–1283.
Yarosh D, et al. Localization of liposomes containing a DNA repair enzyme in murine skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;103:461–468.
Wolf P, et al. Topical treatment with liposomes containing T4 endonuclease V protects human skin in vivo from ultraviolet-induced upregulation of interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α, J. Invest Dermatol. 2000;114:149–156.
Yarosh D, et al. Effect of topically applied T4 endonuclease V in liposomes on skin cancer in xeroderma pigmentosum: a randomized study. Lancet. 2001;357:926–929
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this entry
Cite this entry
Yarosh, D.B. (2010). DNA Damage and Repair in Skin Aging. In: Farage, M.A., Miller, K.W., Maibach, H.I. (eds) Textbook of Aging Skin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89656-2_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89656-2_31
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-89655-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-89656-2
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine