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Epidemiology of Hypertension

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Pediatric Nephrology

Abstract

Hypertension (HTN) is a significant global health issue. It is the major risk factor for atherosclerosis, leading to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is increasing evidence that HTN has its antecedents during childhood and that atherosclerosis is already present in adolescents. Thus early detection and intervention are crucial. HTN is also a risk factor for the progression to end-stage renal disease, a topic extremely relevant to pediatric nephrologists. While children are more likely to have secondary HTN, the prevalence of primary HTN appears to be increasing due to an epidemic of obesity. To identify children with HTN, clinicians should know normative values of blood pressure (BP) as well as the definition of HTN. Prevalence of HTN, factors influencing BP, and sequelae of childhood HTN are also reviewed in this chapter.

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Authors
  1. Midori Awazu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, USA

    Ellis Avner (Director, Children's Research Institute, CHHS, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology) (Director, Children's Research Institute, CHHS, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology)

  2. Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA

    William Harmon (Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Pediatric Nephrology) (Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Pediatric Nephrology)

  3. Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte (MARHEA), Hôpital Necker‐Enfants Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743, Paris Cedex 15, France

    Patrick Niaudet

  4. Department of Pediatrics Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, 641–8510811–1, Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Japan

    Norishige Yoshikawa (Professor and Chair Pediatrician‐in‐Chief) (Professor and Chair Pediatrician‐in‐Chief)

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Awazu, M. (2009). Epidemiology of Hypertension. In: Avner, E., Harmon, W., Niaudet, P., Yoshikawa, N. (eds) Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_60

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_60

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