Isocarboxazid

Synonyms

Marplan

Definition

Isocarboxazid is a nonselective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) with a hydrazine chemical structure. It acts by inactivating the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is involved in the catabolism of several key neurotransmitters, including norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Its primary use is in the treatment of depression, but it is also used for treating panic disorder. Because of the potential for serious toxicity common to all nonselective, irreversible MAOIs, isocarboxazid is reserved for treating patients who have proven refractory to other antidepressants. Isocarboxazid may cause mild dry mouth and sexual dysfunction; more troublesome side effects may result from orthostatic hypotension, including dizziness and syncope. Like other MAOIs, isocarboxazid may interact with foods containing tyramine and with certain catecholaminergic drugs to result in a hypertensive crisis. Similarly, isocarboxazid and other nonselective,...