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Handbook of Immunosenescence pp 907–926Cite as

Synergistic Effects of Aging and Stress on Neutrophil Function

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Abstract

Although aging is a complex process, we now know much of what happens with age at the cellular and tissue level. In contrast, our understanding of how the various age-related changes interact to result in frailty and pathology is incomplete. For example, aging is accompanied by a loss of immune function (immunosenescence), an increase in the level of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (inflammaging), and a decline in the adrenal androgen production (adrenopause), while concurrently peripheral glucocorticoid availability increases. In this chapter we propose that these changes in combination increase the susceptibility of older adults to the adverse effects of physical and emotional stress, exacerbating the age-related decline in immune competence and exposing the older individual to an increased risk of infections. We have focused upon the effects of stress and aging on neutrophil function, an element of the immune system that has received relatively less attention from immunogerontologists, despite the primary role of neutrophils in fighting bacterial infections and the major contribution of such infections to age-related morbidity and mortality. We propose that physical and emotional stressors elicit an exaggerated response in older adults that compounds the age-related loss of neutrophil function, to compromise antibacterial mechanisms. Moreover, the molecular basis of this effect may lie with the significant changes in tissue concentrations of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in peripheral target cells including the immune compartment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre and Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Janet M. Lord

  2. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Anna C. Phillips

  3. Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Wiebke Arlt

Authors
  1. Janet M. Lord
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  2. Anna C. Phillips
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  3. Wiebke Arlt
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Correspondence to Janet M. Lord .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Department of Medicine, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

Section Editor information

  1. Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Immunology Graduate Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

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Lord, J.M., Phillips, A.C., Arlt, W. (2019). Synergistic Effects of Aging and Stress on Neutrophil Function. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99375-1_24

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