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Design of Biomedical Polymers

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Functional Biopolymers

Part of the book series: Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series ((POPOC))

Abstract

The utilization of polymers for biomedical applications (“biomedical polymers”) has led to significant advancements in medicine. Biomedical polymers have made a profound impact on human health and improved the quality of life for many patients. Current and evolving biomedical challenges posed by disease, environmental triggers, and physiological processes demand the development of biomedical polymers with specific properties and function. To address these challenges, the design of biomedical polymers has become of paramount importance. Designing polymers with specific structures opens the door to tailored properties and function. In this chapter, we cover the design of biomedical polymers for a variety of applications. We show that key polymer structures and properties are crucial to desired functionality for a given application. The biomedical applications we cover include (1) drug delivery, (2) imaging and tracking biomedical polymers in vivo, (3) scaffolds for tissue engineering, (4) medical devices, (5) surgery and wound repair, and (6) biosensors. By looking at the polymer structure-property-function relationships provided herein, we hope that this will enable improved designs of biomedical polymers to realize enhanced performance and efficacy in transforming human health.

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Abbreviations

CD:

Cyclodextrin

DETOSU-HD:

3,9-bis (ethylidene 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane) and 1,6-hexanediol

DPCs:

Dynamic polyconjugates

EPR:

Enhanced permeability and retention

GPa:

Gigapascal

HA:

Hyaluronic acid

hMSCs:

Human mesenchymal stem cells

HPMA:

N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide

IC50:

Half maximal inhibitory concentration

MDa:

Megadaltons

MMP2:

Matrix metalloproteinase 2

MPa:

Megapascals

PAMAM:

Poly(amidoamine)

PANI:

Poly(aniline)

PAsp:

Poly(aspartic acid)

PBAE:

Poly(beta-amino ester)

PBAVE:

Poly(butyl and amino vinyl ether)s

PBS:

Phosphate buffered saline

PCL:

Poly(caprolactone)

PCPH:

Poly[1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)hexane]

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PEI:

Poly(ethyleneimine)

PEO:

Poly(ethylene oxide)

PGA:

Poly(glycolic acid)

PGlu:

Poly(glutamic acid)

PLA:

Poly(lactic acid)

PLCL:

Poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLL:

Poly(l-lysine)

POx:

Poly(2-oxazoline)s

PRINT:

Particle Replication In Non-wetting Templates

PSA:

Poly(sebacic anhydride)

siRNA:

Small interfering RNA

UHMWPE:

Ultrahigh molecular weight poly(ethylene)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Matthew Parrott

  2. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Stuart Dunn

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  1. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    Heather Sheardown

  3. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Amir Al-Ahmed

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Parrott, M., Dunn, S. (2018). Design of Biomedical Polymers. In: Jafar Mazumder, M., Sheardown, H., Al-Ahmed, A. (eds) Functional Biopolymers. Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92066-5_10-1

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