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Brain and Heart Dynamics pp 1–14Cite as

Nicotine and Cardiovascular Function

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Abstract

Nicotine is a natural alkaloid of tobacco leaves that specifically interacts with a acetiylcholinergic receptor (AChR) population which is therefore pharmacologically identified as nicotinic (nAChR). By virtue of that, nicotine is able to affect the function of those tissues expressing nAChR, particularly the brain, where it develops substance dependence, and the heart. Effects on the heart depend on multiple mechanisms of action involving regulatory centers in the brainstem that control the sympathetic outflow, although most of the effects on heart rate and blood pressure depend upon the direct ganglionic stimulation leading to the release of catecholamines in blood by adrenal glands. Nonetheless, nicotine is able to interact directly with ion channels of cardiomyocytes involved in the development of the action potential, as well as with inflammatory cells involved in cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. Understanding its multiple intimate relationships with human physiology is necessary in order to develop effective pharmacological strategies based on the use of partial agonists aimed at contrasting addiction, thereby preventing nicotine toxicity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Cristiano Ialongo, Diletta Sabatini & Maria Caterina Grassi

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  1. Cristiano Ialongo
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  2. Diletta Sabatini
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  3. Maria Caterina Grassi
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Correspondence to Maria Caterina Grassi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Sect, University of Pavia, Dept of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Sect, Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Stefano Govoni

  2. Dept of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia Dept of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Pierluigi Politi

  3. Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Emilio Vanoli

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  1. Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Guido Mannaioni

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Ialongo, C., Sabatini, D., Grassi, M.C. (2019). Nicotine and Cardiovascular Function. In: Govoni, S., Politi, P., Vanoli, E. (eds) Brain and Heart Dynamics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90305-7_52-1

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